社区公共空间儿童友好度影响居民参与社区治理的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Influence of Child-Friendliness in Community Public Space on Residents’Participation in Community Governance

居民参与社区治理对于打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局具有重要意义。通过提升社区公共空间的儿童友好度来促进居民参与社区治理,为学术界和实务界所倡导和探索,但对应的实证研究仍鲜见。基于已有文献和理论分析,我们构建了社区公共空间儿童友好度影响居民参与社区治理的假设模型,运用结构方程模型,以T市H区为分析对象,探索社区公共空间儿童友好度、居民交往与居民参与之间的影响路径与机制。研究发现,社区公共空间儿童友好度可以解构为空间舒适性、空间安全性、空间互动性三个层次,其中空间安全性的影响程度最高;其次,社区公共空间儿童友好度对居民参与有显著的正向影响,提升社区公共空间儿童友好度能够直接或通过推动居民交往间接促进居民参与社区治理;最后,父母偏好在上述效应中具有调节作用,高父母偏好群体与低父母偏好群体的调节作用存在显著差异,其中高父母偏好群体中社区公共空间儿童友好度对居民交往、居民参与社区治理的正向影响效果更为显著。这些研究发现充分肯定了以儿童为纽带、以家庭为支点社区治理策略的积极作用,为进一步助推居民参与社区治理提供了更多的政策创新思路。即从推进儿童友好理念下的社区公共空间更新来展开内部优化,从强化父母对儿童进入社区公共空间活动的正向预期来展开外部调节,在内外部双向增益的过程中提升居民参与社区治理的水平。

Residents’participation in community governance is of great significance for the forming of an innovative structure of social governance.Improving child-friendliness in community public space is being advocated and explored as an innovative approach to promoting residents’participation in community governance in academia and practice,but the corresponding empirical research is still rare.Based on the existing literatures and theoretical analysis,this paper builds an assumption model to figure out the specific impact of the child-friendliness in community public space on residents’participation in community governance.Using structural equation model,taking the H District of T City as the analysis object,this paper studies the effect path and mechanism among the child-friendliness in community public space,residents’interaction and residents’participation.The result of empirical analysis indicates that the child-friendliness in community public space can be deconstructed into three levels:spatial comfort,spatial security and spatial interaction,in which spatial security has the greatest impact.It also shows that the child-friendliness in community public space has a significant positive influence on residents’participation in community governance.As for the specific impact path and mechanism,the improvement of child-friendliness in community public space has a positive direct effect and an indirect effect through residents’interaction on residents’participation in community governance.Furthermore,parents’preference has a critical moderating effect.In other words,there is a significant difference between two groups that the child-friendliness in community public space in high parents’preference group has a more significant impact on residents’interaction and residents’participation in community governance than that in low parents’preference group.These findings confirm the positive effect of community governance strategy with children as the link and family as the fulcrum and provide innovative policy ideas for further promotion of residents’participation in community governance.Therefore,the combination of internal optimization by regenerating community public space under the concept of child-friendliness and external adjustment by improving parents’expectation of children’s entering community public space will definitely benefit residents’participation in community governance.