我国24省市部分三级医疗机构营养科建设现状

CURRENT STATUS OF NUTRITION DEPARTMENTS IN TERTIARY HOSPITALS FROM 24 PROVINCES OF CHINA

目的综合分析三级医疗机构营养科管理体制、人员队伍结构、医疗与教学科研工作发展现状。方法通过中国医师协会立项,联合中国营养学会临床营养分会对24省市677家三级医疗机构营养科进行问卷调查,应用频数、构成比等进行描述性统计分析。结果三级医疗机构营养科体制管理为临床类、医技类、后勤类并存状态;人员由医师、技师、护士等组成;相应专业工作功能区包括营养门诊、人体代谢检测室、营养生化检验室、肠内营养配制室、肠外营养配制室、医疗膳食配制室等;在临床营养诊疗工作以及教学科研工作方面取得一定成绩。结论国内三级医疗机构营养科建设已进入快速发展阶段,营养科的核心技术和诊疗工作越发成为临床综合治疗中刚性需求态势,亟待解决诊疗科目设置、人才队伍构建、营养科医师培养机制建立、专业能力提升、制度标准体系建设等相关问题。

Objective To comprehensively investigate the current status of management system,medical staff composition,medical education and research of the nutrition departments in some Chinese tertiary hospitals.Methods Chinese Nutritional Doctors Association and Clinical Nutrition Committee of Chinese Nutrition Society conducted a national survey by questionnaire in the nutrition departments from 677 Chinese tertiary medical institutions in 24 provinces.Descriptive statistical analysis was performed.Results Based on the management system,nutrition departments could be classified as three types:clinical,technical,or logistics.Nutritional staff consisted of doctors,technicians and nurses.Nutrition clinic,human metabolism testing room,nutrition biochemistry laboratory,enteral nutrition preparation room,parenteral nutrition preparation room and medical diet preparation room had been established.Certain achievements had been made in nutrition training and research.Conclusion The construction of the nutrition departments in Chinese tertiary hospitals has developed rapidly.Medical nutrition therapy is highly demanded in clinical practice.However,some urgent problems still need to be solved,including setting of the specialties of nutritional practice,establishment of talent teams,improvement of the professional ability of nutritional staff,and construction of standard management system.