基于时机理论的关怀护理实践方案在婴儿痉挛症患儿主要照顾者中的应用

Effects of care and nursing practice plan based on timing theory in primary caregivers of infants withinfantile spasms

目的探讨基于时机理论的关怀护理实践方案在婴儿痉挛症患儿主要照顾者中的应用效果。方法选取2019年7月—2020年6月在湖南省儿童医院神经内科住院的80例婴儿痉挛症患儿及其主要照顾者80名为研究对象,所有婴儿痉挛症患儿按入院时间编号,将编号为奇数的患儿分入神经内科一区,设为观察组;将编号为偶数的患儿分入神经内科二区,设为对照组,两组各40例患儿及其40名主要照顾者。对照组接受常规治疗与护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于时机理论的关怀护理实践方案。分别于干预前后采用关怀能力量表(CAI)、家属照顾者照顾能力测量表(FCTI)、照顾者负担问卷(CBI)、Gesell发育诊断量表(GDS)评价两组患儿主要照顾者的关怀能力、照顾能力、照顾负荷以及两组患儿的认知功能。结果干预后观察组主要照顾者CAI总分高于干预前及对照组干预后,FCTI总分、CBI总分均低于干预前及对照组干预后,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后观察组患儿GDS 5个能区DQ值均高于干预前,大运动、精细动作、语言3个能区DQ值高于对照组干预后,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于时机理论的关怀护理实践方案能提高婴儿痉挛症患儿主要照顾者的关怀能力及照顾能力,减轻照顾负荷,提高患儿的认知功能。

Objective To explore the effect of the care and nursing practice plan based on the timing theory in primary caregivers of infants with infantile spasms.Methods From July 2019 to June 2020,80 infants with infantile spasm and 80 primary caregivers in the Department of Neurology of Hunan Children's Hospital were selected as the research object.All infants with infantile spasms were numbered according to the time of admission.The odd-numbered infants were admitted to the First Department of Neurology as the observation group,and the even-numbered children were admitted to the Second Department of Neurology as the control group,with 40 infants and 40 primary caregivers in each group.The control group carried out conventional treatment and nursing,and the observation group implemented a care and nursing practice plan based on the timing theory on the basis of the control group.Before and after the intervention,the Caring Ability Inventory(CAI),Family Caregiver Task Inventory(FCTI),Caregiver Burden Inventory(CBI),and Gesell Developmental Schedules(GDS)were used to evaluate the caring ability,caregiving ability,care load of the primary caregivers of the two groups of infants,and the cognition function of the two groups of infants.Results After the intervention,the total CAI scores of the primary caregivers in the observation group were higher than those before intervention and those in the control group after the intervention, and the total scoresof FCTI and CBI were lower than those before intervention and those in the control group after the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the developmentalquotient (DQ) values of the five energy areas of GDS in the observation group were higher than those before theintervention, and the DQ values of the three energy areas of gross motor, fine motor, and language were higherthan those of the control group after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions The care and nursing practice plan based on the timing theory can improve the caring ability andcaregiving ability of the main caregivers of children with infantile spasms, reduce the care load, and improve thecognitive function of the children.