负压封闭引流技术在普外科术后并发伤口感染中的应用和护理效果

Application and nursing effect of vacuum sealing drainage in infected wound after general surgery

目的探讨负压封闭引流(VSD)技术在普外科术后并发伤口感染中的应用和护理效果。方法选取2018年1月至2020年6月广州市红十字会医院普外科收治的术后并发伤口感染的96例患者为研究对象,随机分入观察组和对照组,各48例。对照组患者采用传统方法进行伤口清创换药处理,观察组患者采用传统方法清创换药+VSD技术进行伤口处理。观察并比较两组患者实施伤口处理1 d、7 d、14 d和28 d后的伤口疼痛情况,统计两组患者的换药次数、伤口愈合时间、抗生素使用时间和住院时间,比较两组患者治疗30 d后的临床有效率,并在患者出院时,比较两组患者的护理满意率。结果治疗1 d和7 d后,两组间视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗14 d和28 d后,观察组的VAS评分均显著低于同期对照组(P值均<0.05)。观察组的伤口换药次数显著少于对照组(P<0.05),伤口愈合时间、抗生素使用时间和住院时间均显著短于对照组(P值均<0.05)。治疗30 d后,观察组的临床有效率为95.83%,显著高于对照组的79.17%(P<0.05)。观察组的护理满意率各项评分均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。结论普外科术后感染患者的伤口实施VSD技术能减轻伤口疼痛,减少伤口换药的次数,加速伤口愈合,有效提升患者满意率,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the application and nursing effect of vacuum sealing drainage(VSD)in wound infections after general surgery.Methods From January 2018 to June 2020,96 patients with postoperative wound infections in the Department of General Surgery at Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table method,with 48 cases in each group.The control group was treated with traditional methods for wound debridement and dressing changes,while the observation group was treated with traditional dressing changes and VSD.The wound pain at 1 d,7 d,14 d and 28 d after wound treatment in both groups were observed and compared.The frequency of dressing changes,wound healing time,antibiotic use time,and hospitalization time of the two groups of patients were counted.The clinical effectiveness of the two groups after 30 days of treatment was compared.When the patients were discharged,the nursing satisfaction of the two groups was compared.Results After 1 d and 7 d of treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the visual analogue scale(VAS)between the two groups(both P>0.05).After 14 d and 28 d of treatment,the VAS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(both P<0.05).The frequency of wound dressing changes in the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing time,antibiotic use time and hospitalization time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(all P<0.05).After 30 d of treatment,the clinical effective rate of the observation group was 95.83%,which was significantly higher than 79.17%of the control group(P<0.05).The scores of nursing satisfaction in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of VSD in infected wound after general surgery can alleviate wound pain,reduce the frequency of dressing changes,accelerate wound healing and effectively improve patient satisfaction,which is worthy of clinical promotion.