城市面源污染负荷计算与防控措施探讨——以昆明为例

Discussion on Urban Surface Pollution Load Calculation and Prevention and Control Measures--Case of Kunming

滇池既是昆明人民的水源地,又承纳流域内的点、面源污染负荷。随着近年点源污染的控制和城镇化的发展,非点源已成为滇池流域的重要污染源。文中利用InfoWorks ICM模型,得到城市基本信息和城市面源污染排放参数,计算昆明城市面源污染负荷。结果显示,降雨量较大的场次面源污染负荷较大,且昆明CODCr污染负荷最严重,TP最轻。基于计算结果,提出屋顶绿化、道路透水铺装、提高道路清扫频率这3个建议措施,以降低城市面源污染负荷。

Dianchi is not only a water source for the people of Kunming,but also a point and surface source pollution load for the watershed.With the control of point source pollution and the development of urbanization in recent years,non-point sources become important pollution sources in Dianchi watershed.Therefore,this study used InfoWorks ICM model was utilized to obtain basic urban information and urban surface source pollution emission parameters to calculate urban surface source pollution load in Kunming.It was found that surface source pollution load was higher in the field with higher rainfall,and CODCrpollution load was the most serious in Kunming and TP was the lightest.Based on the calculation results,three suggested measures were proposed to reduce urban surface source pollution loads including green roofs,permeable road paving,and increasing the frequency of road sweeping.