汉语复合词的形象色彩与具象化造词方式

Image Feature and Visualizing Word-creation Methods of Chinese Compound Words

形象色彩被视为词语的附加义,现有文献对“形象色彩”的研究存在命名缺陷、条件范围偏窄等问题。“形象”无法涵盖形象色彩的条件类型,引发形象感的不仅有五种外觉,还有三种内觉和数量,所以用“具象”更为合适;判断形象色彩有无的依据是对事物的共识和词形的具象作用;形象色彩是汉语具象化造词的动机和结果,与方言色彩、历史色彩等其他附加义有本质差别;复合词的形象色彩很复杂,语素的多义性与形象色彩的有无关系密切。

Image feature is regarded as the additional meaning of words,and there are some problems in the existing literature,such as naming defects and narrow conditions.“Image”can not cover all the types of image features.There are not only five external senses but also three internal senses and quantities,so the word“visualization”is more suitable.The basis of judging image feature is the concrete role that acts on the consensus of things and morphology.Image feature is the motivation and result of Chinese figurative word creation,which is essentially different from other additional meanings such as dialect and historical features.The image feature of compound words is very complicated,and its existence is closely related to the polysemy of morphemes.