丝素支架在肌肉骨骼组织工程的应用及研究进展

Application and research progress of silk fibroin scaffold in musculoskeletal tissue engineering

肌肉骨骼系统包括骨骼、软骨和骨骼肌肉,由于临床修复和再生的迫切需求,其已经成为组织工程研究的主要目标。肌肉骨骼组织工程支架性能主要取决于支架播种的细胞和材料的结构。丝素蛋白组织工程支架的基本功能是将生长因子和种子细胞输送到目标部位,以帮助损伤部位的修复与再生。丝素蛋白存在较好的生物相容性、可调节的生物降解性及优异的机械性而被认为是理想的材料。文章首先介绍了丝素支架在人类健康领域的重要性,其次介绍了支架材料的发展现状,然后论述了不同形式(如薄膜、颗粒、电纺纤维、水凝胶、三维多孔脚手架)制造丝素蛋白仿生支架方面的最新研究,以及它们在肌肉骨骼组织再生方面的应用。最后,展望了丝素蛋白支架的未来发展方向。

Musculoskeletal system including bone,cartilage and skeletal muscle,has become the primary target of tissue engineering research due to the urgent need for clinical repair and regeneration.The performance of musculoskeletal tissue engineering scaffolds mainly depends on the fabrication and structure of cells and materials seeded on scaffolds.The fundamental function of silk fibroin tissue engineering scaffolds is to transport growth factors and cells to the target sites for facilitating the repair and regeneration of the injuries.Silk fibroin is considered to be an ideal material for its good biocompatibility,adjustable biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties.This paper firstly introduces the importance of silk fibroin in human health and the development status of scaffold materials,and then elaborates the latest research on the manufacturing of silk cellulose biomimetic scaffolds in various forms,such as films,granules,electrospun fibers,hydrogels,and three-dimensional porous scaffolds,as well as their applications in musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.In the end of this paper,the future development direction of silk fibroin scaffolds is prospected.