医护人员化学突发事件院前救治核心能力指标体系构建

Establishment of a core competence indicator system of medical staff for pre-hospital treatment of chemical emergencies

目的构建医护人员化学突发事件院前救治核心能力指标体系,促进救治规范化。方法通过文献回顾和头脑风暴法确定核心能力条目,通过德尔菲专家咨询法确定各条目必要性,定量统计法确定各指标权重,从而确定核心能力指标体系。结果共进行2轮专家咨询,问卷有效回收率均为100%,专家权威系数分别为0.843、0.890,肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.185、0.162(P<0.05)。构建的指标体系包括2个一级指标:应急准备和应急救援,权重分别为0.500;其下包含8个二级指标:知识准备、物资准备、训练和演练、展开、检伤分类、急救、洗消、后送,权重分别为:0.167、0.163、0.170、0.098、0.102、0.099、0.102、0.099;其下再包括20个三级指标。结论构建的医护人员化学突发事件院前救治核心能力指标体系具有较好的科学性和可靠性,凸显了训练演练、检伤分类、洗消在日常训练中的重要性,可为后期化学突发事件的培训和标准化救治流程的构建提供依据。

Objective To construct a core competence indicator system of medical staff for pre-hospital treatment of chemical emergencies. Methods The core competence indicator system was proposed based on literature review and brainstorming method,followed by Delphi technique with experts evaluation to determine the necessity of each item,and the weights of each index were determined by quantitative statistics. Results The response rates of 2 rounds were both 100%.The authority coefficients of experts in 2 rounds were 0.843 and 0.890 respectively,with coordination coefficients of 0.185 and 0.162,respectively(P < 0.05). The indicator system consisted of 2 primary indicators(emergency preparedness and emergency rescue,which weights were all 0.500),8 secondary indicators,and 20 tertiary indicators. The 8 secondary indicators included the knowledge preparation,material preparation,training and exercise,development,injury inspection and classification,first aid,decontamination,and evacuation,which weights were 0.167,0.163,0.170,0.098,0.102,0.099,0.102 and 0.099,respectively. Conclusions The core competence indicator system is scientific and reliable,which highlights the importance of training,triage,and decontamination in daily training. It can provide a reference for training of chemical emergencies and construction of standardized treatment processes.