自研面部防压伤保护组件防护医护人员面部压疮效果评价

Effectiveness assessment of a self-developed facial anti-crush protection component in protection of facial pressure ulcers of medical staff

目的设计能防止面部压伤的防护组件,预防医护人员鼻、面部机械相关压力性损伤(device-related pressure injury,DRPI)发生,提高医护人员防护质量。方法设计一款面部防压伤保护组件,由保护双眼四周皮肤的护目镜保护组件、用于保护脸颊皮肤的脸颊保护组件和用于保护耳根皮肤的耳根保护组件组成。在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,以在武汉执行援鄂医疗任务的上海医疗队员作为调查对象,试验组医护人员(n=83)使用面部防压伤保护组件后再佩戴医用护目镜、医用口罩等防护品,然后在一个班次后进行面部皮肤状况认定;对照组医护人员(n=95)不使用面部防压伤保护组件,仅佩戴医用护目镜、医用口罩等防护品,再在一个班次后进行面部皮肤状况认定。比较两组研究对象DRPI的组间差异。结果一个班次后,对照组DRPI发生率为63.16%(60/95),其中57例为Ⅰ期压疮,3例为Ⅱ期压疮;试验组DRPI发生率为20.48%(17例),均为Ⅰ期压疮;两组DRPI发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论自研面部防压伤保护组件能有效防护医护人员DRPI的发生,值得临床推广使用。

Objective A protective component that can prevent facial crush injury was designed,to prevent the occurrence of device related pressure injury(DRPI)in noses and faces of medical staff,and furthermore improve the protection quality of medical staff.Methods The face crush protection component was composed of goggle protection component for protecting the skin around both eyes,cheek protection component for protecting cheek skin and ear root protection component for protecting ear root skin.The protective component was used by the Shanghai medical team members performing the medical mission of assisting Hubei in Wuhan during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia.The effectiveness was observed among 83 medical personnel,compared with 95 staff who used only medical goggles,medical masks and/or other protective articles.The facial skin condition after one shift was examined and the differences of DRPI between these two groups of medical staff were compared.Results After one shift,the incidence of DRPI in the reference group was 63.16%(60/95),of whom 57 cases were suffering with stage I pressure ulcer and 3 cases with stage II pressure ulcer;The incidence of DRPI in the experimental group was 20.48%(17/83),all of whom were suffering with stage I pressure ulcers.There was significant difference in the incidence of DRPI between the two groups(P<0.01).Conclusion The self-developed facial crush protection component can effectively prevent the occurrence of DRPI of medical staff,which is worthy of clinical application.