某饮料制造企业岗位噪声暴露及职业性听力损失情况调查

Investigation on noise exposure and occupational hearing loss in a beverage manufacturing enterprise

目的了解饮料制造企业噪声暴露情况,探讨该行业作业工人噪声性听力损失(noise-induced hearing loss,NIHL)的影响因素。方法选择广州市某饮料制造企业符合条件的182名接触噪声的作业工人为调查对象,对其进行纯音听阈测试,并对工作场所进行噪声检测,分析工人NIHL影响因素。结果该饮料制造企业工作场所噪声超标率为70.59%,超标岗位主要集中在瓶装饮料线以及纯净水线。84名(46.15%)接触噪声作业工人被检出NIHL。logistic回归分析结果显示:作业人员年龄>35岁发生NIHL的危险度是20~30岁的2.647倍(P<0.05);接触噪声工龄>10年发生NIHL的危险度是接触噪声工龄<5年的2.853倍(P<0.05);所在岗位为纯净水线发生NIHL的危险度是辅助设施岗位的9.000倍(P<0.05)。结论该饮料制造行业噪声水平较高,企业应采取工程控制措施控制噪声危害,加强职业卫生管理。

Objective To understand the noise exposure of beverage manufacturing enterprises,and to explore the influencing factors of noise induced hearing loss(NIHL)of workers in this industry.Methods A total of 182 workers exposed to noise in a beverage manufacturing enterprise in Guangzhou were studied.The noise levels at their workplaces were measured and the pure tone hearing threshold test of these workers was carried out.The influencing factors of NIHL were analyzed.Results The non-compliance of noise level at workplaces in this beverage manufacturing enterprise was 70.59%.The worse was noted at beverage filling line and pure water preparation line.A total of 84 workers(46.15%)were diagnosed with NIHL.Logistic regression analysis showed that the noise-exposed workers with higher age than 35 years old,or with longer exposure time than 10 years,or working at pure water preparation line had higher risk of NIHL(2.647 times,2.853 times and 9.000 times,respectively)(P<0.05).Conclusions The noise level in beverage manufacturing industry was high.The enterprise should take engineering control measures to control the noise harm and strengthen occupational health management.