健康投资对健康水平的影响研究——来自CHNS的证据

The Effect of Health Investment on Health——Evidence from China Health and Nutrition Survey

在建设健康中国的背景下,个体如何提高健康水平是一个广受关注的问题。本文试图从健康投资的角度对个体健康水平的影响因素给出解释,在使用因子分析构建健康投资综合指标的基础上,利用中国营养与健康调查(CHNS)数据,采用系统GMM模型实证检验健康投资对健康的影响。研究结果表明,健康投资可以显著增加自评健康水平、生理健康水平、短期健康水平、长期健康水平和综合健康水平。针对健康投资异质性分析的结果发现,相对于城镇居民,农村居民的健康投资对健康水平的影响更显著,40岁至60岁的年龄组健康投资对整体健康水平的影响是最大的,采用样本所在地区的财政状况和医疗机构数量的工具变量的两阶段模型验证了本文的结果,本文为解释健康投资和健康的因果关系提供了证据,可以为未来制定政策提供参考。

Under the background of carrying out the“Healthy China initiative”,how to improve the health level of individuals has been at the center of debates.We attempt to explain the influencing factors of individual health level from the perspective of health investment,using factor analysis to construct a comprehensive index of health investment based on the China Nutrition and Health Survey(CHNS)data and using a systematic GMM model to empirically test the impact of health investment on health.Our results reveal that health investment had a significant impact on self-evaluation health level,physiological health level,short-term health level,long-term health level and comprehensive health level.In addition,we find that compared with urban residents,rural residents’health investment has more significant impact on comprehensive health level,and the influence of health investment on comprehensive health level is the largest in the age group of 40 to 60.The two-stage model with instrumental variables verifies the results.This paper provides evidence for explaining the causal relationship between health investment and health,and can provide reference for future policymaking.