台厦两地闽南语中外来词的语音调整与对比——以日语和印尼语为例

The Phonetic Adjustment and Contrast of Loan Words in Minnan Dialect between Taiwan and Xiamen: Taking Japanese and Indonesian as Examples

由于历史因素,台湾闽南语和厦门闽南语都有相当丰富的外来语借词。台湾闽南语的外来语借词大多数借自日语,厦门闽南语则借自印尼语。外来借词为了融入闽南语,在语音上必然有所调整,调整的方式包括辅音对当、语音中插、音节删略、近似音替代以及超音段转译。从对比来看,台厦两地闽南语的外来语借词都经历过相同的语音调整程序,只是由于来源与语音系统的不同,而有若干差异。"视字读音"则是台湾闽南语独特的现象,这是受书写系统制约而产生。厦门闽南语的印尼语借词存在书写系统上的差异,便没有这个现象。

Due to historical factors, Taiwan and Xiamen Minnan dealects both have awealth of loanwords from foreign languages. Most of the loanwords in Taiwan Minnan dealect are borrowed from Japanese, while those in Xiamen Minnan dealect from Indonesian. In order to integrate loanwords into Minnan dealect, thephonetics must be adjusted. The adjustment strategies include consonant matching,phonetic insertion, syllable deletion, substitution of similar phonemes,and super-segmental translation. In view of contrast, both of their loanwords have undergone the same phonetic adjustment process, butthere are also some differences due to the different phonetic systems of the sourcelanguage. "Shì Zì DúYīn"( reading Chinese characters of Japanese in Taiwan Minnan dialect) is a unique phenomenon of borrowing Japanese words, caused bythe sharing of the writing system, while such phenomenon does not existin Xiamen Minnan dialect, for the writing systems of Indonesian and Xiamen Minnan dialect are different.