居住权的设立与行使

Establishment and Exercise of Residence Right

《中华人民共和国民法典》第十四章专章规定了居住权,作为一种新类型的用益物权,应当明确其私权的属性和保障居住的基本功能,可对居住权作继承型、养老型、析产型、保障型、投资型等不同标准的划分。只有符合日常生活居住之需且经过登记才能设立居住权。依据合同设立的居住权,双方当事人应进行居住权登记;根据遗嘱设立的居住权,继承发生后当事人可要求所有权人办理登记手续。居住权一旦设定,则排除了所有权人的占有和使用之权能,但在符合条件的情况下居住权可以解除。

Chapter 14 of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China stipulates the right of residence.As a new type of usufruct,the attribute of private right and the basic function of ensuring residence should be clearly defined.The right of residence can be divided into different standards,namely,inheritance type,endowment type,production type,security type and investment type.The right of residence can be established only if it meets the needs of daily life and has been registered.For the right of residence established according to the contract,both parties shall register the right of residence.For the right of residence established according to the will,the parties may require the owner to go through the registration formalities after the occurrence of inheritance.Once the right of residence is established,the right of possession and use of the owner is excluded,but the right of residence can be rescinded if the conditions are met.