南宁市武鸣区和青秀区小学生家长对华支睾吸虫病认知度对比研究

Comparative study on the awareness of clonorchiasis among parents of primary school students in Wuming and Qingxiu districts of Nanning city

目的了解和比较南宁市武鸣区和青秀区小学生家长对华支睾吸虫(肝吸虫)病的认知及行为态度等情况,为制定健康宣传策略提供科学依据。方法选择武鸣区3所小学和青秀区6所小学的部分家长进行问卷调查,并采用卡方检验和秩和检验进行统计分析。结果武鸣区1 652份和青秀区1 404份有效问卷显示,两地区对肝吸虫病的临床症状(12.7%vs22.5%)、治疗药物(12.1%vs 20.4%)、预防措施(26.0%vs 48.8%)等认知情况都偏低,但青秀区的情况要明显好于武鸣区(P<0.001)。武鸣区有36.5%的家庭吃"鱼生",远高于青秀区的9.0%。武鸣区和青秀区分别有38.1%和26.6%的家庭未做到将生熟砧板分开。两地区均有89.0%以上的家长愿意主动了解肝吸虫病,武鸣区和青秀区分别有76.5%和74.8%的家长愿意向他人宣传肝吸虫病相关知识。结论两地区尤其是武鸣区对于肝吸虫病的认知度处于较低水平,且均存在感染肝吸虫病的饮食和行为习惯。因此,应综合运用各种手段加强肝吸虫病相关健康知识的宣传普及,引导小学生及家长养成健康的饮食行为习惯,提高防范肝吸虫病的意识。

Objective The study is to compare the awareness, behavior and attitude of parents of primary school students on clonorchiasis(liver fluke disease) in Wuming and Qingxiu districts of Nanning city,provide scientific basis for formulating health promotion strategies. Methods A part of parents who were from three primary schools in Wuming district and six primary schools in Qingxiu district were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey, and the chi-square test and rank-sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results One thousand six hundred and fifty two valid questionnaires from Wuming district and 1 404 valid questionnaires from Qingxiu district showed that the symptoms of clonorchiasis(12.7% vs 22.5%), effective drugs(12.1% vs 20.4%), preventive measures(26.0% vs 48.8%), and other awareness were low in both regions. However, the situation in Qingxiu district was significantly better than Wuming district(P<0.001).In Wuming district, 36.5% of the families ate "raw fish", which was much higher than Qingxiu district,with only 9.0%. There were 38.1% and 26.6% of the families in Wuming district and Qingxiu district who failed to separate raw and cooked chopping boards, respectively. More than 89.0% of parents in both regions were willing to actively learn about clonorchiasis, and there were 75.5% and 74.8% of the parents willing to publicize the knowledge of clonorchiasis to others, respectively. Conclusions The two regions, especially Wuming district, have a relatively low level of awareness on clonorchiasis, and there were eating and behavioral habits exist that are susceptible to clonorchiasis. Therefore, various methods should be comprehensively used to strengthen the publicity and popularization of health knowledge related to clonorchiasis, guide primary school students and their parents to develop healthy eating habits, and improve their awareness of preventing clonorchiasis.