不同结构聚四氟乙烯微纳米纤维的制备

Preparation of PTFE micro-nano fibers with different structures

为实现聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微纳米纤维结构的多样化、解决纤维形貌单一的问题,以聚环氧乙烯(PEO)或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为载体黏合剂,与PTFE乳液混合配置纺丝液,利用静电-离心纺丝技术制备PEO/PTFE及PVP/PTFE初生纤维,分析纺丝液溶质比和纺丝液浓度对初生纤维可纺性的影响,并通过不同的后处理方式制备PTFE微纳米纤维。结果表明:当PEO/PTFE溶质比为6∶94,PVP/PTFE质量比为35∶65时,可纺出形貌较好的初生纤维,且初生纤维直径随纺丝液浓度的降低而减小;通过高温煅烧及乙醇浸渍的方法进行后处理,可以成功制备光滑表面、微球结构以及多孔结构PTFE微纳米纤维。研究结果为纤维微结构的开发提供了新思路。

In order to implement the diversification of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)micro-nano fiber structure and solve the problem of single fiber morphology,polyethylene oxide(PEO)or polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as a carrier adhesive was mixed with PTFE emulsion to prepare the spinning solution.The PEO/PTFE and PVP/PTFE precursor fibers were prepared by electrostatic-centrifugal spinning method.The effect of solute ratio and concentration of the spinning solution on the spinnability of precursor fibers was researched.Besides,PTFE micro-nano fibers were prepared by different postprocessing methods.The result showed that the precursor fiber with a good morphology when the solute ratio of PEO/PTFE was 6∶94and the mass ratio of PVP/PTFE was 35∶65.The diameter of precursor fibers decreased with the decrease of spinning solution concentration.The PTFE micro-nano fibers with smooth surface,microsphere structure and porous structure were successfully prepared by hightemperature calcination and ethyl alcohol impregnation technology.This result provides a new idea for the development of fiber microstructure in the future.