安徽省阜阳地区人感染HPV的基因型分布调查

Investigation of the genotype distribution of human HPV infection in the Fuyang area of Anhui Province

目的调查人感染人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的基因型分布。方法2016年1月-2019年12月在本院妇科做宫颈癌筛查的患者2467例,采集棉试子标本,检测宫颈细胞中的23种HPV病毒,分析病毒基因型分布情况。结果2476例患者中HPV阳性545例,感染率22.09%。其中高危型感染392例(占71.93%),多重感染166例(占30.46%)。常见感染的6种基因型分别为HPV-52、HPV-16、HPV-58、HPV-18、HPV-61和HPV-66,且无论是在单一基因型感染还是多重HPV基因型感染中,HPV-52、HPV-16、HPV-58和HPV-18均是常见基因型;不同年龄组HPV感染人群中,中年组(39~58岁)HPV感染率显著高于其他年龄组(P<0.05,但不同HPV基因型感染的年龄分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HPV的流行和分布存在地域差异,本地区以HPV-16、52、58、18为常见基因型。

Objective To investigate the genotypic distribution of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection. Methods From January 2016 to December 2019, 2 467 patients with cervical cancer were screened in Gynecology at this Hospital. Samples were collected, total DNA was extracted, and HPV subtypes were amplified using PCR. The amplified products were heated at 95 ℃ for 5 min, treated in an ice bath for 2 min, and hybridized with HHM-2 via rapid molecular transfer. The HPV virus in cervical cells was identified and the distribution of virus genotypes was analyzed. Results Of 2 476 patients, 545 were HPV-positive, for a rate of infection of 22.09%. Three hundred and ninety-two patients(71.93%) had a high-risk HPV infection, 69(12.66%) had a low-risk HPV infection, and 84(15.41%) had a mixed infection. Three hundred and seventy-nine patients had a single infection(69.54%) and 166 had multiple infections(30.46%). The 6 genotypes of the common HPV infections were HPV-52, HPV-16, HPV-58, HPV-18, HPV-61, and HPV-66. Of the 379 patients with a single HPV infection, 82.32% had a high-risk HPV genotype. The common HPV genotypes were HPV-52(20.84%), HPV-16(18.73%), HPV-58(9.50%), HPV-18(5.54%), HPV-59(5.01%), and HPV-56(4.22%). Of the 166 patients infected with multiple genotypes of HPV, 138(83.13%) were infected with 2 subtypes, 22(13.25%) were infected with 3 subtypes, and 6(3.61%) were infected with 4 or 5 subtypes. Thus, patients were infected with an average of 2.22 genotypes. The common HPV genotypes in patients with multiple infections were HPV-52(18.75%), HPV-58(17.39%), HPV-16(11.14%), HPV-18(5.98%), HPV-56(5.16%), and HPV-59(4.62%). The rate of HPV infection in the middle-aged(ages 39-58) was significantly higher than that in other age groups(P< 0.05). A high-risk HPV infection was predominant in all age groups, with HPV-52 accounting for 25.32%, HPV-16 accounting for 20.92%, HPV-58 accounting for 14.68%, HPV-18 accounting for 8.44%, and HPV-66 accounting for 7.52%. The detection of HPV subtypes differed by age group. HPV52 was most prevalent in patients ages 19-29, 29-39, 39-49, and 49 and over. Patients ages 49 and over had the highest rate of HPV infection(28.07%). The genotypes most prevalent in patients ages 59-72 years were HPV16(26.67%) and HPV52(26.67%). HPV was detected at the highest rate(24.68%) in patients ages 49 and over. However, there were no significant differences in the age distribution of patients infected with different HPV genotypes. Conclusion There are regional differences in the prevalence and distribution of HPV, and HPV-16, HPV-52, HPV-58, and HPV-18 are common genotypes in the Fuyang region.