单组分聚氨酯低VOC和低气味发泡料的研制

Study on single component raw materal of low VOC and low odour PU foam

为了降低聚氨酯泡沫的挥发性有机物(VOC)含量和减少气味,借鉴聚氨酯单组分湿固化无溶剂胶粘剂的配方设计思路,设计单组分聚氨酯低VOC、低气味发泡料配方,不使用聚合物多元醇(POP)、胺类催化剂和泡沫稳定剂等聚氨酯泡沫VOC和气味主要来源的原材料,使用聚醚多元醇(PPG)、异氰酸酯、抗氧剂、除醛剂、复合扩链剂、复合酸类抑制剂和复合有机锡催化剂,在对PPG抽真空除醛、除VOC、脱水后进行预聚、扩链,再复配出单组分聚氨酯发泡料,添加一定比例的水搅拌均匀即可发泡。制作的聚氨酯泡沫满足低VOC、低气味要求,按10 L袋式法,参照GSM-001-A-2016测试,甲醛可低至12.56μg/m^(3),乙醛低至36.57μg/m^(3),苯低至0.0147μg/m^(3),丙烯醛和其他苯系物无检出,气味可轻松做到长安3级标准。调整聚氨酯预聚体的R值,可以调节发泡料的黏度、发泡工艺时间及泡沫密度等以满足不同需求。

In order to reduce the VOC and odour of PU foam,a single component PU low VOC low odor foaming material formulation was designed learning from the formula of PU single component moisture curing solvent free adhesive.The raw materials of VOC and bad odour mainly from POP,amine catalyst,foam stabilizer,etc,were not used.PPG,Isocyanate,antioxidant,aldehyde removal agent,compound chain extender,composite inhibitor and complex metal catalyst were used.Complete Prepolymerization and combination after making PPG dehydrating,removing VOC with vacuum pumping,and then the single component polyurethane low VOC low odour material was prepared.After adding a certain proportion of water and stirring evenly,the PU foam could be produced,which satisfied the requirements of low VOC and low odor.According to 10 L bag method and GSM-001-A-2016 test,Formaldehyde could be as low as 12.56μg/m^(3),acetaldehyde as low as 36.57μg/m^(3),benzene as low as 0.0147μg/m^(3),acrolein and other benzene series were not detected,and the odor could easily meet the Chang’an group grade 3 standard.Adjusting the R value of PU prepolymer could adjust the viscosity of foaming material,foaming process time,foaming density and bubble structure to meet different needs.