我国生态环境损害赔偿制度研究——基于各省区市实施方案及配套制度分析

Research on eco-environmental damage compensation system in China:based on the analysis of various provinces

自2016年我国生态环境损害赔偿制度试点以来,在确定赔偿范围、责任主体、索赔主体、解决途径等方面取得了重大进展。本文在系统地阐述我国生态环境损害赔偿制度发展历程的基础上,围绕各省区市已公布的生态环境损害赔偿改革实施方案及磋商、调查、鉴定评估、资金管理、损害修复、信息公开等配套办法,总结各省区市经验,提出了抓紧出台《生态环境损害赔偿磋商管理办法(试行)》和《环境污染强制责任保险条例》以及加快推进生态环境损害赔偿立法工作的策略建议,以期为我国生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化建设提供科学参考。

Since the pilot program of the system in 2016,significant progress has been made in determining the scope of compensation,the subject of liability,the subject of compensation,and the means of settlement.Based on the systematic description of the development process on the system of eco-environmental damage compensation,this article summarizes the implementation plan of eco-environmental damage compensation reform and supporting measures such as negotiation,investigation,appraisal and evaluation,fund management,damage repair,information disclosure and so on which have been announced by various provinces.Here are proposed strategies for promptly promulgating the administrative measures for eco-environment damage compensation and Regulations on Environmental Pollution Compulsory Liability Insurance(draft),and accelerating the promotion of legislation for eco-environmental damage compensation.It is expected to provide a scientific reference for the modernization of the eco-environmental governance system and capabilities.