基于ANSYS Workbench自动换料车床电主轴多目标优化设计

Motorized Spindle Optimization of Automatic Material Change of Lathe Based on ANSYS Workbench

采用Solidworks软件建立了ADZ170-03型自动换料车床电主轴参数化有限元模型,在主轴静力学分析和模态分析的基础上,运用有限元软件ANSYS Workbench优化设计功能,以优化主轴的最大变形量和质量为目标,将电主轴跨距、悬伸量和电机转子安装位置作为设计变量,电主轴变形量和质量为响应,基于响应面法利用MOGA(多目标遗传)优化算法对电主轴结构进行优化。结果表明:自动换料车床电主轴的结构合理、且能满足其正常工作要求。优化前后结果对比发现,优化后的车床主轴径向位移由18.148μm减少至16.662μm,静刚度由192.86N/μm提高至210.06N/μm,一阶固有频率由604.39 Hz提高至610.29 Hz,车床主轴整体长度由621.34mm减少至605.94mm,从而使车床主轴生产成本得以控制。通过对自动换料车床电主轴优化设计,在提高主轴静动性能的前提下,减轻了电主轴质量,为自动换料车床电主轴的轻量化设计提供了理论参考。

A parametric finite element model of the motorized spindle of ADZ170-03 automatic material change lathe was estab⁃lished by Solidworks software,on the basis of spindle statics analysis and modal analysis,using the optimization design function of the finite element software ANSYS Workbench,optimizing the maximum deformation and mass of the spindle as objectives,taking the electric spindle span,overhang and motor rotor mounting position as design variables,motorized spindle deformation and mass as the response,spindle structure was optimized based on MOGA(multi-objective genetic algorithm)of response sur⁃face method.The results proved that the structure design of the motorized spindle was reasonable and meet the work requirements.Comparing the results before and after optimization,it was found that the radial static displacement of the optimized spindle was decreased from 18.148μm to16.662μm and radial static stiffness was increased from 192.86N/μm to 210.06N/μm,the first order natural frequency of the spindle was increased from 604.39 Hz to 610.29 Hz,the overall length of the spindle was shortened from 621.34mm to 605.94mm thus production costs of the lathe spindle were controlled Through optimization design of the motorized spindle,spindle mass was reduced under the condition that the static and dynamic performance of the spindle were improved,which will provide a theoretical reference for the lightweight design of the motorized spindle of automatic material change lathe.