基于流动换热特性管带式散热器结构优化

Structural Optimization of Tube-and-Belt Radiator Based on Flow Heat Transfer Characteristics

根据管带式散热器结构特点,获得影响散热面积的主要参数。基于CFD对散热器的流场进行分析,获得流场的内部流动细节;通过流体耦合传热计算获得散热器的传热系数;采用多孔介质代替散热器芯体对散热器整体进行仿真,获得冷却管束内热流分布情况;基于上水室入口位置对散热器散热的影响分析,对散热器进出水口的相对位置进行优化;对比分析冷却管间距对散热器压损和散热能力的影响,获得最佳翅片间距对原型散热器进行改进设计。结果可知:基于散热器流动换热特性,对管带式散热器进行结构优化,结果可知:根据最小热阻理论,流体会选择阻力最小的路径,散热器进出水口左上右下的布置中流体会先垂直通过冷却管,然后在下水室内混合从出水口流出,设计最优;对于双侧波纹散热带的管带式散热器,可以提高原型散热器芯体的密度,在加工工艺允许的情况下选择较小的翅片间距。若将散热器的翅片间距优化为3 mm,气侧的总散热面积、阻力均满足要求,而整个散热器质量减少38.21 kg,可节省成本1604.82元。研究内容和分析结果为同类设计提供参考。

According to the structural characteristics of the tube-type heat sink,the main parameters affecting the heat-dissipat⁃ing area are obtained.The velocity field,temperature field and pressure field of the radiator are analyzed based on CFD.The in⁃ternal flow details of the flow field are obtained by analyzing the flow field of the heat sink unit.The heat transfer coefficient of the heat sink is obtained by fluid-coupled heat transfer calculation.The whole radiator is simulated by using a porous medium in⁃stead of the radiator core to obtain the heat flow distribution in the cooling tube bundle.The influence analysis on the heat dissipa⁃tion of the radiator is based on the inlet position of the upper water chamber,and the relative position of the inlet and outlet of the radiator is optimized.The influence of the cooling pipe spacing on the heat loss and heat dissipation of the radiator is comparative⁃ly analyzed,and the optimum fin spacing is obtained to improve the design of the prototype radiator.The results show that the structure optimization of the tube-and-belt radiator is based on the heat transfer characteristics of the radiator.As a result,it is known that the fluid will select the path with the least resistance according to the minimum thermal resistance theory.The inlet and outlet of the radiator are arranged in the upper left and lower right,and the fluid flows vertically through the cooling pipe and then flows out from the water outlet in the lower water chamber,this design result is optimal.For tube-and-belt heat sinks with double-sided corrugated heat sinks,the density of the prototype heat sink core can be increased,and smaller fin spacing can be selected if processing allows.If the fin spacing of the heat sink is optimized to 3mm,the total heat dissipation area and resis⁃tance of the gas side are all satisfactory,and the overall heat sink quality is reduced by 38.21kg,which can save costs of 1604.82 yuan.Research content and analysis results provide reference for similar designs.