航天动量轮轴承润滑油的研制

Research on Bearing Lubricant for Aerospace Momentum Wheel

航天动量轮是控制航天器指向精度和稳定度的执行机构,其轴承的使用寿命受到润滑油的制约。根据航天动量轮轴承的润滑要求,对航天动量轮轴承润滑油进行了研制。通过对基础油及添加剂的筛选及考察,航天动量轮轴承润滑油由全合成基础油(PAO+三羟甲基丙烷酯),0.5%的二烷基二苯胺,0.5%的屏蔽酚,0.05%的苯骈三氮唑衍生物及1.0%的磷酸酯组成。其100℃运动黏度9.662 mm^(2)/s,黏度指数143,清洁度0级,氧化试验(150℃,48 h,50 mL/min,空气)后40℃运动黏度变化为1.18%,酸值增加值为-0.04 mg/g,45号钢片,T1铜片,MB8镁片及2A11铝片的腐蚀均为0.00 mg/cm^(2),动态蒸发损失(204℃,6.5 h)4.10%,静态蒸发损失(160℃,4.0 h)5.35%,低负荷(98 N)磨斑直径0.24 mm,高负荷(392 N)磨斑直径0.35 mm,最大无卡咬负荷(常温,600 r/min)1442 N。研制的航天动量轮轴承润滑油具有良好的黏温特性,抗氧化/抗腐蚀性能,蒸发性能及抗磨损性能/润滑性能,达到了拟定的研制目标。

Space momentum wheel was an actuator that controlled the pointing accuracy and stability of spacecraft.The service life of its bearing was restricted by lubricant.According to the lubrication requirements of space momentum wheel bearing,the space momentum wheel bearing lubricant was developed.Through the screening and investigation of base Stocks and additives,the aerospace momentum wheel bearing lubricant was composed offullysyntheticbaseStock(PAO+trimethylolpropaneester),0.5%dialkyldiphenylamine,0.5%shielding phenol,0.05%benzotriazole derivatives and 1.0%phosphate.The 100℃kinematic viscosity was 9.662 mm^(2)/s,viscosity index was 143,and cleanliness was grade 0.After oxidation test(150℃,48 h,50 mL/min,air),the change of 40℃kinematic viscosity was 1.18%,the increase value of acid value was-0.04 mg/g,and the corrosion of steel sheet No.45,T1 copper sheet,MB8 magnesium sheet and 2A11 aluminum sheet was 0.00 mg/cm^(2).Dynamic evaporation loss(204℃,6.5 h)was 4.10%,static evaporation loss(160℃,4.0 h)was 5.35%,low load(98 N)wear scare diameter was 0.24 mm,high load(392 N)wear scare diameter was 0.35 mm,and the last non-seizure load(room temperature,600 r/min)was 1442 N.The developed space momentum wheel bearing lubricant had good viscosity temperature characteristics,oxidation/corrosion resistance,evaporation performance and wear resistance/lubrication performance,and had reached the proposed development goal.