生活圈视角下的社区养老设施体系构建方法研究

The Approaches in the Construction of Community-Based Elderly Care Facilities System from Life Circle Viewpoint

在老龄化程度加深、家庭结构小型化、传统居住区养老设施匮乏的背景下,养老服务供需失衡严重,社区养老需求迫切。《城市居住区规划设计标准》(GB 50180—2018)提出了生活圈规划理念,并明确了居住区各层级养老设施的配置内容及配建指标,养老设施成为居住区规划中的标配。在生活圈社区内构建居家养老、社区养老、机构养老模式融合发展的系统化养老设施体系成为可能。据此,文章提出构建"养老设施+"的生活圈养老服务网络,并基于生活圈层级特征和需求结构提出15分钟和5分钟生活圈养老设施布局模式,旨在建设系统化的社区养老服务体系。

Social aging,the miniaturization of family structure,and the lack of elderly care facilities in traditional residential areas,have resulted in the imbalance between supply and demand of elderly care service.The newly promulgated"Standard for Urban Residential Area Planning and Design"puts forward the concept of life circle,and clarified the configuration content and construction indicators of elderly care facilities at all levels in residential areas,and elderly care facilities have become a standard configuration in future community planning.It is possible to build a systematic elderly care facility system that integrates home care,community care,and institutional care in the community.Based on this,the"elderly care facilities+"life circle elderly care service network is proposed,and 15-minute and 5-minute life circle elderly care facilities layout patterns are conceived based on the hierarchical characteristics and demand structure,aiming to create a systematic community level elderly care service network.