采用CiteSpace对先天性心脏病临床营养研究现状与热点的国内外文献分析

Research Status and hot topics of studies on clinical nutrition in congenital heart disease at home and abroad:visual analysis based on CiteSpace

目的分析国内外文献中先天性心脏病患者关于临床营养方面研究的现状,探讨研究热点、发展趋势,为我国相关研究者提供参考。方法检索CNKI、Web of Science两大数据库自建库至2020年先天性心脏病临床营养相关的研究,利用CiteSpace 5.6.R5软件对作者、国家、机构、研究热点、前沿进行可视化分析。结果共纳入中文文献163篇、英文文献1809篇,国内外发文量整体成增长趋势;发文量最多的是美国,中国位于第7位;国内发文机构主要是医院类机构,以南京医科大学附属南京儿童医院为首;国外主要是大学类机构,美国哈佛大学发文量最多。国内的热点问题主要是营养风险、营养支持、营养素研究等,热点人群是重症监护室、早产儿、婴幼儿、儿童等,研究前沿是早期肠内营养、预后、喂养不耐受;国外主要是流行病学研究、营养支持、营养不良、风险因素、营养治疗、能量代谢、肥胖、临床结局等,热点人群是先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)新生儿、婴幼儿、儿童、心脏移植术后等特殊人群等,研究前沿是队列研究、超重。结论先天性心脏病营养领域的发文量逐年增加,得到越来越多学者重视和关注,但国内外研究现状和热点主题存在差异,建议国内学者加强机构间的合作交流,结合国内CHD营养的研究优势,加强对CHD营养的流行病学研究和CHD重点人群的营养管理,进一步促进该研究领域的发展。

Objective To analyze the research status and discuss hot topics and development trends of studies on clinical nutrition in congenital heart disease(CHD)at home and abroad,so as to provide reference for Chinese researchers.Method Studies on clinical nutrition in CHD were retrieved from the databases of CNKI and Web of Science,from the founding of database until 2020.CiteSpace 5.6.R5 was used for visual analysis of authors,countries,institutions,research hotspots and frontiers.Results A total of 163 Chinese and 1,809 English publications were included.The number of literatures published at home and abroad shows an overall trend of growth.The United States has the largest number of publications,with China in seventh place.Domestic publishing institutions are mainly hospitals,led by Nanjing Children's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.Foreign publications are mainly by university institutions,with Harvard University in the United States ranking first.Research teams led by authors including Gu Ying and Ravishankar C.are at the core in this field.The most discussed issues in China are mainly nutritional risk,nutritional support and nutrient research.The main target populations are ICU patients,premature infants,infants and children,etc.The forefront of research includes early enteral nutrition,prognosis and feeding intolerance.In foreign countries,studies mainly focus on epidemiology,nutritional support,malnutrition,risk factors,nutritional treatment,energy metabolism,obesity,clinical outcomes,etc.Main target population is special population,such as neonates with CHD,infants,children,patients after heart transplantation,etc.cohort studies and researches on overweight are at the frontier.Conclusions The research on nutrition in CHD has attracted more and more attention.There are some differences in research content and hot topics between domestic and foreign studies.Therefore,we should strengthen the cooperation and exchanges among institutions,combine the advantages of CHD nutrition research in China,and strengthen the epidemiological study of CHD nutrition and the nutrition management of CHD key population,so as to further promote research development in this field.