摘要
目的基于全球疾病负担(Global Burden of Disease,GBD)2019研究,对比全球以及美国、日本和印度,分析中国心血管病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)的疾病负担流行趋势和危险因素。方法通过全球健康交流数据库(Global Health Data Exchange,GHDx)获取数据,分性别、年龄分析中国CVD患病、发病、死亡、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life year,DALY)等疾病负担现状和主要危险因素;利用年龄标化率对比中、美、日、印在1990—2019年期间CVD疾病负担变化趋势。结果2019年,中国CVD患病人数为1.20亿,新发病例数1234.11万,死亡458.43万;患病率、发病率、死亡率和DALY率从1990年的4235.43/10万、447.81/10万、204.75/10万和5091.03/10万,分别升高至2019年的8460.08/10万、867.65/10万、322.30/10万和6463.47/10万。患病率、发病率、死亡率和DALY率均随年龄呈上升趋势,且男性CVD疾病负担高于女性。尽管消除人口老龄化因素影响,中国CVD标化死亡率由1990年的381.21/10万下降至2019年的276.93/10万,标化DALY率由7412.81/10万下降至4938.38/10万,但仍略高于全球,且明显高于美国和日本。此外,2019年中国CVD前4位危险因素依次为高血压、饮食因素、空气污染和烟草,这些因素导致的CVD疾病负担均高于全球平均水平。结论由于高血压、饮食因素、空气污染和烟草等原因,加上人口老龄化迅速,中国CVD疾病负担仍然十分严峻,需要引起相关部门重视。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trends and risk factors of cardiovascular disease(CVD)burden in China from 1990 to 2019,based on the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)study 2019,by comparing with the world,the USA,Japan and India.Methods Data were obtained from the Global Health Data Exchange(GHDx)database,and the prevalence,incidence,mortality,disability adjusted life years(DALY)rate and main risk factors of CVD in China in 2019 were analyzed by gender and age.Age-standardized rates were used to compare the trends of CVD burden in the world and other four countries.Results In 2019,the number of CVD patients,incidences and deaths in China was 120.33 million,12.34 million,and 4.58 million,respectively.The prevalence,morbidity,mortality and DALY rate increased from 4235.43/100000,447.81/100000,204.75/100000 and 5091.03/100000 in 1990 to 8460.08/100000,867.65/100000,322.30/100000,and 6463.47/100000 in 2019,respectively,all of which were increasing with age.The burden of CVD in males was higher than that in females.After eliminating the influence of population aging,the age-standardized mortality rate of CVD in China decreased from 381.21/100000 in 1990 to 276.93/100000 in 2019,and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 7412.81/100000 to 4938.38/100000.However,they were still slightly higher than those in the world and significantly higher than those in the USA and Japan.In addition,the leading four risk factors of CVD in China in 2019 were hypertension,dietary risks,air pollution and tobacco.A higher burden of CVD caused by all these factors in China were above the global average level.Conclusion Due to hypertension,dietary factors,air pollution,tobacco and other reasons,coupled with the rapid aging of the population,the burden of CVD in China is still very serious,and relevant departments need to pay more attention to it.
作者
王燕逍翔
白建军
宇传华
WANG Yan-xiao-xiang;BAI Jian-jun;YU Chuan-hua(School of Public Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2021年第6期6-11,共6页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金(81773552)
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1315302)。