富氧侧吹处理含砷复杂金铜精矿的生产实践及技术优化

Production practice and technical optimization of complex arsenic-containing gold-copper concentrate processed by oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting

采用火法冶金技术处理含砷复杂金铜精矿主要有富氧底吹熔炼和富氧侧吹熔炼等技术。这两项技术氧势高,使得杂质更利于氧化脱除,但富氧底吹技术存在漏风量大、烟气中三氧化硫含量高、后续烟气无法直接喷水降温收砷等问题。本文从原料成分、工艺流程、主体设备及生产运行情况等方面对某企业采用富氧侧吹熔炼技术处理含砷复杂金铜精矿的生产实践进行了介绍。实践证明,采用富氧侧吹熔炼系统处理含砷复杂金铜精矿具有可处理含砷高的金铜精矿、金属直收率高、烟气收砷品位高等技术优势,针对富氧侧吹系统生产实践中存在的渣量大、铜池及渣池顶部寿命短、泡沫渣易生成、炉体膨胀监测不到位等问题进行优化改进后,取得了较好的生产效果。该生产实践为同行业使用富氧侧吹系统处理含砷复杂金铜精矿提供了示范。

Complex arsenic-containing gold-copper concentrate is treated by pyrometallurgical technologies such as oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting technology and oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting technology which are more conductive to removal of impurities by oxidation due to a high oxygen potential of these two technologies.However,the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting technology has such shortcomings as large air leakage,high-content sulfur trioxide in off-gas and incapability of cooling subsequent off-gas directly by spraying water for arsenic recovery.This paper introduces a company’s production practice of complex arsenic-containing gold-copper concentrate processed by oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting technology from four aspects,namely composition of raw materials,process flow,main equipment and production operation.And the practice proves that the oxygenenriched side-blowing smelting technology boasts technical advantages,including capability of handling gold-copper concentrate with a high arsenic content,high direct metal recovery rate and high-grade arsenic recovered from offgas.Good production effects have been obtained after optimization and improvement of issues in the practice such as large slag output,short service life of the top of copper bath and slag bath,production of foaming slag and inadequate monitoring of furnace body expansion.This practice sets an example of complex arsenic-containing gold-copper concentrate processed by oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting technology for the same industry.