综合回收废锰酸锂电池中有价成分的实验研究

Comprehensive recovery of valuable component from used lithium manganate battery

本文对废锰酸锂电池中的有价成分进行了综合回收试验。针对锰酸锂和石墨混合粉体进行酸浸:当硫酸的浓度为0.5 mol/L、双氧水的浓度为6%时,LiMn_(2)O_(4)基本上完全分解并浸出,从而获得较纯的石墨;对锰酸锂酸浸液进行电解,可制备出纯度为98.41%的MnO_(2),但电解产物结晶度低,含有较多的非晶成分。针对铝箔和铜箔混合体进行碱浸可实现铝箔和铜箔分离,采用含有NaAlO_(2)的滤液制备出纯度为95.14%的Al(OH)_(3);将废铜箔压制成片作为阳极,在Cu^(2+)45 g/L、H_(2)SO_(4) 185 g/L、反应温度50℃、电解时间2 h、极间距3 cm、电流密度400 A/m^(2)的条件下进行电解精炼,电流效率为96.2%,电解精铜的纯度达到98.96%。

In this paper,a comprehensive recovery test of valuable components in used lithium manganate battery is carried out.Acid leaching for the mixed powder of lithium manganate and graphite:when the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.5 mol/L and that of hydrogen peroxide is 6%,LiMn_(2)O_(4)is almost completely decomposed and leached out,so as to obtain high-purity graphite.The LiMn_(2)O_(4)leachate is subject to electrolysis to obtain 98.41%MnO_(2),but the product has low crystallinity and contains much amorphous component.Alkaline leaching for the mixture of aluminum foil and copper foil:aluminum foil and copper foil are separated.Al(OH)_(3)with a purity of 95.14%is prepared by NaAlO_(2)-containing filtrate.The waste copper foil is pressed into anode sheet and is subject to electrorefining under the conditions of Cu^(2+)of 45 g/L,H_(2)SO_(4) of 185 g/L,reaction temperature of 50℃,electrolysis lasting 2 h,electrode spacing of 3 cm and current density of 400 A/m^(2),the current efficiency is 96.2%and the purity of electrolytic refined copper reaches 98.96%.