大型并网光伏电站AGC/AVC多模式自动控制系统设计与实现

Design and implementation of AGC/AVC multi-mode automatic control system for large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power station

"碳达峰、碳中和"背景下,能源格局重构和转型是必然所趋,"十四五"规划到2030年风电、光伏非石化能源消费占比达25%,新能源电站自动控制系统需求将到爆发阶段,而AGC/AVC是整个电网优质、安全及经济运行的保障,研发自适应、多种策略准确度高的AGC/AVC系统成为变革目标。结合光伏电站的波动性和不稳定性等特点,全面考虑电网及发电企业的需求,设计了大型并网光伏电站、多模式混合控制策略与调节模式的AGC/AVC自动控制系统,包括系统的物理架构、数据采集与数据处理及实现。该系统是一种基于数学模型的控制算法,根据设置系统参数变化自动调控规则,并融合功率分配思想,提出AGC平均计算策略、AGC带优先级平均策略、AVC带优先级平均计算策略及AVC无功补偿装置和逆变器混合策略等多种自适应控制模式,将实时数据和调度端下发目标曲线对比,调控光伏电站发电的有功功率和无功电压,依据调度分配目标功率进行最优组合策略分配调度电单元逆变器的有功功率,达到分批调控和微调的效果,控制智能化调节精度化,系统具有很强的鲁棒性。在为电网安全、可靠运行保驾护航的同时,实现光伏电站无人值守、少人值班的运营模式,减少运营成本,提高光伏发电系统的优质、可靠和经济运行。

Under the background of "carbon peak and carbon neutral", the restructuring and transformation of energy pattern are inevitable. According to the 14 th Five-Year Plan, the consumption of wind power and photovoltaic non-petrochemical energy will account for 25% by 2030. The demand for automatic control system of new energy power stations will be in the outbreak stage, and AGC/AVC is the guarantee of the quality, safety and economic operation of the whole power grid. Research and development of adaptive, multi-strategy high precision AGC/AVC system has become the goal of change. Combining with the characteristics of volatility and instability of photovoltaic power station, comprehensively considering of the demand of the grid and power generation enterprises, a large grid photovoltaic power station, multi-mode hybrid control strategy and regulation mode of AGC/AVC automatic control system is designed, including the system of physical architecture, data acquisition and data processing and implementation. The system is a control algorithm based on mathematical model. According to the setting of automatic regulation rules of system parameter changes, and combining with the idea of power distribution, various adaptive control modes such as AGC average calculation strategy, AGC average strategy with priority, AVC average calculation strategy with priority, AVC reactive compensation device and inverter mixed strategy are proposed. By comparing the real-time data with the target curve delivered by the dispatching terminal,the active power and reactive voltage of the photovoltaic power station are regulated, the target power is allocated according to the dispatching, and the active power of the dispatching power unit inverter is allocated according to the optimal combination strategy, so as to achieve the effect of batch regulation and fine tuning, control the intelligent adjustment precision. The system has strong robustness. In the escort for the power grid safe and reliable operation at the same time, it realizes the unattended photovoltaic power station, the operation mode of the less people on duty, reduces operating costs, improves the quality of photovoltaic power generation system, reliable and economic operation.