话语标记“你看我”的功能、特点及动因--兼论人称代词类话语标记的跨层演变

The Discourse Marker"Ni Kan Wo(你看我)"--On the Cross Layer Evolution of Personal Pronoun Discourse Markers

现代汉语中,“你看我”可充当话语标记,具有移情验证、反预期投射和话语自否等语用功能,并在识别形式、重音焦点以及会话位置表现出一些显著的特点。从形成动因来看,“你看我”话语标记功能的浮现是交际双方从关注命题到关注言者“我”跨层次重新分析的结果,演变过程中受到互动中的主观化与交互主观化以及语境浸染的影响。文章还探讨了跨层演变而来的人称代词类话语标记的共性特点,指出受指称残留与角色兼具两个因素的影响,这类话语标记在很多情况下具有不可删除性。

In modern Chinese,"Ni Kan Wo(你看我)",as a discourse marker,can have pragmatic functions of empathy verification,counter expectation projection and utterance self-negation.It also shows remarkable features in the form of recognition,stress focus and conversational position.In motivation,the use of this discourse marker is the result of the cross-level reanalysis of the interactants from the focus on the proposition to the focus on the speaker"I".In the process of evolution,it is influenced by the subjectivization in interaction and interaction subjectivization as well as the influence of context.This paper also discusses the common characteristics of personal pronoun discourse markers evolved from different levels,and points out that such markers can not be deleted in many cases under the influences of both referential residue and role,.