施肥水平对生姜产量和品质的影响

Effects of fertilization level on the yield and quality of Zingier officinale Roscoe.

为了提高青海省生姜产量,文中以青海省广泛种植的山农1号绵姜为研究材料,采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验探究不同施肥水平对生姜产量和品质的影响。结果表明:施肥处理均能显著提高生姜产量和品质。施肥能显著提升生姜的株高、分枝数与产量,其增产率最高达201.1%;当施入氮、磷、钾肥的量分别为670.20、583.65、785.10 kg/hm^(2)时,生姜的产量最高。此外,施肥能提高生姜中蛋白质含量10.2%~49.0%、维生素C含量23.8%~60.0%、姜辣素含量34.0%~87.2%、总糖含量38.9%~84.8%。中等水平施肥量(尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾的量分别为670.20、583.65、785.10 kg/hm^(2))与高、低水平施肥量相比,可以明显提升生姜的产量与品质,研究结果为青海地区生姜科学施肥提供参考。

In order to improve the yield of Zingier officinale Roscoe.in Qinghai,L_(9)(3^(4)) orthogonal test is used in this study to explore the effects of different fertilization levels on the yield and quality of Zingier officinale Roscoe.taking Shannong No.1 Zingier officinale Roscoe.as the research material which is widely planted in the region.The results show that fertilization can significantly raise the yield and quality of Zingier officinale Roscoe.including plant height and branch number with an increasing rate of 201.1%;the yield is the highest when the amounts of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are 670.20 kg/hm^(2),583.65 kg/hm^(2) and 785.10 kg/hm^(2) respectively.In addition,fertilization can increase the protein content of Zingier officinale Roscoe.by 10.2%~49.0%,vitamin C content by 23.8%~60.0%,gingerol content by 34.0%~87.2%and total sugar content by 38.9%~84.8%.Compared with high and low level fertilization,medium level fertilization(the amounts of urea,calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate are 670.20 kg/hm^(2),583.65 kg/hm^(2) and 785.10 kg/hm^(2) respectively)can significantly improve its yield and quality.The results provide a reference for scientific fertilization of Zingier officinale Roscoe.in Qinghai.