运用代币制解决学前特殊儿童问题行为实践研究

A Practice Study on Token Economy to Manage Inappropriate Behavior of Preschool Children with Special Needs

目前,有效解决特殊儿童的问题行为是特殊教育教师的迫切需要。文章采用课堂观察的方法,探讨在小组活动中,教师如何运用代币制来解决四名学前特殊儿童的问题行为。研究结果表明:运用代币制能够有效地减少学前特殊儿童的问题行为;运用代币制能有效地增加学前特殊儿童好的行为;幼儿真正理解代币规则和教师严格遵循代币规则是保证代币制有效性的两个重要方面。运用代币制解决学前特殊儿童问题行为具有积极的实践意义,也具有一定的社会效度。

Nowadays it is urgent for special education teachers to effectively solve inappropriate behavior of children with special needs.To explore how teachers use a token economy to solve four preschool children’s inappropriate behaviors in a group activity,this study used the methods of classroom observation.The results show:(1)using token economy increases the children’s appropriate behavior;(2)using token economy decreases the children’s inappropriate behavior;(3)in order to ensure the effectiveness of token economy,it is very important for children to really understand token rules and for teachers to strictly follow token rules.This study had some active practical and social significance.