怎样学习社会主义建设经验--新中国成立初中共代表团的访苏体验

Learn and Transplant:Historical Review of Chinese Governmental Delegates’Experience of Soviet Union during Their State Visit in 1950

1950年,中共组织工作者代表团、中共宣传工作者代表团先后访问苏联。向往苏联社会主义的优越性在心理上强化了代表团成员建设新中国的使命感;苏方高规格接待,细致周到地安排参访和生活日程,热情的仪式活动以及双方互赠礼物的积极互动酝酿出代表团成员友好、愉快的心情;通过考察苏联的城市建设、社会发展、工业大生产、集体农庄等,代表团成员感受到了苏联社会主义建设的伟大成就与苏联社会的美好,坚定了向苏联学习的信念,“苏联的道路,就是我们的道路”成为他们当时真切的心声。这样的心理、心情与心声共同构成了中共代表团访苏的情感体验并作用于代表团成员学习苏联的活动中,促进了他们确立以苏联社会主义建设经验为学习目标,激发了他们学习的主动性和积极性,推动了他们回国后传播苏联知识与移植苏联制度的实践。

In 1950,the delegations of the Chinese Communist Party engaged in organizational and propaganda works visited the Soviet Union.It strengthened the sense of duty of the members of the delegations in constructing a New China.The Chinese delegations were royally received with warm Soviet ceremonies.The Soviet meticulous arrangement of schedules and daily routines,as well as showering gifts with each other made the delegations in a friendly and happy mood.The delegations witnessed the Soviet urban construction,cultural life,industrial production and collective farms,and felt the great achievements of Soviet socialist construction and the beauties of the Soviet society.This experience firmed up their belief of learning the Soviet Union.To construct China based on the Soviet experiences became the truehearted aspiration of the delegations at the time.Such mentality,mood and aspiration together composed the delegations’emotional experiences in visiting the Soviet Union,and deeply effected their activities of learning the Soviet experiences.The sense of duty to construct New China was the main motivation,which activated the initiative of the delegations to learn the Soviet Union.The atmosphere of Sino-Soviet Friendship was an important condition to ensure learning the Soviet experiences would be continued.To yearn for the superiority of the Soviet socialist system ensured the experiences of the Soviet socialist construction to be the learning target,and promoted the diffusion of the Soviet knowledges and practice of naturalizing the Soviet system.