“白椎”源流考——一个音译词在汉文佛典中的流变考察

A Study of the Origin and Development of“baichui”:A Research on the Change of a Transliterated Word in Chinese Buddhist Texts

佛典“白椎”与“犍椎”关系密切。文章梳理佛教文献,首先对“犍椎”的来源、演变进行考察,继而对“白椎”的构词理据、语义演变、词语衍生进行全面探讨,并尝试对二词在演变过程中涉及的字词关系、演变动因、误解误用等相关语言问题加以解释。“白椎”的来源及演变过程曲折复杂,是音译外来词在汉文佛典中演变的典型个案。

“Baichui”(白椎)in Buddhist scriptures is closely related to“jianchui”(犍椎).Based on the review of Buddhist literature,this paper investigates the source and evolution of“jianchui”,then makes a comprehensive discussion on the motivation of the word-formation,semantic development and word derivation of“baichui”,finally tries to explain the related linguistic problems involving the evolution of this two words such as the relationship between characters and words,the motivation of evolution and the misunderstanding and misuse.The source and evolution of“baichui”is complicated and typical in the evolution of transliteration loanwords in Chinese Buddhist texts.