新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间民众恐慌情绪对其应对方式的影响

Impact of panic from coronavirus disease on Chinese coping style:The moderation of perceived risk

目的:采用大规模调查问卷探讨中国新冠肺炎疫情期间个体的恐慌情绪与应对方式的关系,以及风险感知的调节作用。方法:对3722名中国被试进行问卷调查。采用回归分析模型,因变量为应对方式,自变量为个体恐慌情绪,调节变量为个体风险感知。结果:①恐慌情绪增加了民众的自信应对(t=4.83,P<0.001)、社会参与(t=5.90,P<0.001)、寻求社会支持(t=11.10,P<0.001)、谨慎行动(t=9.62,P<0.001)、本能行动(t=9.39,P<0.001)、逃避行为(t=19.72,P<0.001)和反社会行动(t=15.74,P<0.001);②感知风险调节了恐慌情绪对民众应对方式的影响,削弱了恐慌情绪对部分积极应对行为(社会参与、寻求社会支持、谨慎行动)的作用,也减弱了恐慌情绪对部分消极应对行为(逃避、反社会行动)的作用。结论:在新冠肺炎疫情期间中国民众面对疫情的恐慌情绪对积极应对和消极应对方式存在极化作用;民众对疫情的风险感知越高,则会显著降低其应对行为。

Objective:A large-scale questionnaire was used to explore the relationship between individual panic and coping style,as well as the moderation of risk perception during the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019in China.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted on 3,722Chinese subjects.Using regression analysis model,we set individual’s coping strategy as the dependent variable,the independent variable was the individual panic,the moderator was the individual risk perception.Results:①Panic increased the people's assertive action(t=4.83,P<0.001),social joining(t=5.90,P<0.001),seeking social support(t=11.10,P<0.001),cautious action(t=9.62,P<0.001),instinctive action(t=9.39,P<0.001),avoidance(t=19.72,P<0.001)and antisocial action(t=15.74,P<0.001);②Perceived risk moderated the impact of panic on the way people coped,in which risk perception weakened the effect of panic on both positive coping behaviors(social joining,seeking social support,cautious action)and negative coping behaviors(avoidance and antisocial action).Conclusion:During the outbreak of new corona pneumonia,the panic of the Chinese people has a polarizing effect on both positive and negative coping strategies,and the higher the risk perception of the epidemic,the more coping behaviors will be significantly reduced.