集体主义对助人行为和活力的影响:基本心理需要满足的中介作用

Influence of collectivism on helping behavior and vitality:The mediating effect of basic psychological needs satisfaction

目的:探讨集体主义对助人行为和活力的影响,以及基本心理需要满足在集体主义与助人行为和活力之间的中介作用。方法:采用自我构念量表、基本心理需要量表、主观活力量表和助人行为测量题目对432名大学生进行测查。结果:①相关分析显示,集体主义与基本心理需要满足和助人意愿、助人时间、助人金钱及活力呈显著正相关(r=0.28,0.17,0.18,0.12,0.19;P<0.01),基本心理需要满足与助人意愿、助人时间、助人金钱及活力呈显著正相关(r=0.12,0.19,0.09,0.44;P<0.05);②结构方程模型分析表明,集体主义可以显著正向预测基本心理需要满足(β=0.33,P<0.001)和助人意愿、助人时间及助人金钱(β=0.14,P<0.01;β=0.12,P<0.05;β=0.09,P<0.05),但不能显著预测活力(β=0.02,P>0.05)。基本心理需要满足可以显著正向预测助人时间和活力(β=0.18,P<0.01;β=0.52,P<0.001);③基本心理需要满足在集体主义与助人时间和活力之间的中介作用显著(Effect=0.11,SE=0.04,95%CI=[0.04,0.19];Effect=0.22,SE=0.04,CI=[0.15,0.30])。结论:集体主义既可以直接预测助人意愿、助人时间、助人金钱及活力,还可以通过基本心理需要满足间接预测助人时间和活力。

Objective:To explore the influence of collectivism on helping behavior and vitality,as well as the mediating effect of basic psychological needs satisfaction between collectivism and helping behavior and vitality.Methods:The self-construal scale,the basic psychological needs scale,subjective vitality scale and the helping behavior measurement items were used to test 432college students.Results:①The correlational analysis showed that collectivism was positively correlated with basic psychological needs satisfaction and helping behavior(including willingness,time,and money)as well as vitality(r=0.28,0.170.18,0.12,0.19;P<0.01),and basic psychological needs satisfaction was positively correlated with helping behavior and vitality(r=0.12,0.19,0.09,0.44;P<0.05);②The structural equation model analysis showed that collectivism could positively predict basic psychological needs satisfaction(β=0.33,P<0.001)and helping behavior(β=0.14,0.12,0.09;P<0.05),but could not significantly predict vitality.Basic psychological needs satisfaction could positively predict helping time and vitality(β=0.18,0.52;P<0.01);③The mediating effects of basic psychological needs satisfaction between collectivism and helping time as well as collectivism and vitality were significant(Effect=0.11,SE=0.04,95%CI=[0.04,0.19];Effect=0.22,SE=0.04,CI=[0.15,0.30]).Conclusion:Collectivism can not only directly predict helping behavior and vitality,but also indirectly predict helping time and vitality through basic psychological needs satisfaction.