童年期创伤对大学生网络成瘾的影响:共情与感恩的链式中介效应

Effect of childhood trauma on Internet addiction of college students:Chain mediating effect of empathy and gratitude

目的:探讨童年期创伤对大学生网络成瘾的影响以及共情和感恩在其中的影响机制。方法:采用童年期创伤问卷、中文版人际反应指针量表、感恩问卷、青少年病理性互联网使用量表对2572名大学生进行调查。结果:①童年期创伤与网络成瘾显著正向相关(r=0.41;P<0.01),与共情、认知共情、感恩显著负向相关(r=-0.06,-0.11,-0.31;P<0.01);网络成瘾与共情、情绪共情显著正向相关(r=0.10,0.19;P<0.01),与感恩显著负向相关(r=-0.22;P<0.01);感恩与共情显著正向相关(r=0.35;P<0.01)。②童年期创伤不仅直接影响网络成瘾,而且存在3条间接路径:共情的中介效应(bootstrap95%置信区间下限值为-0.018,上限值为-0.001);感恩的中介效应(bootstrap95%置信区间下限值为0.043,上限值为0.054);共情、感恩的链式中介效应(bootstrap95%置信区间下限值为0.000,上限值为0.006)。结论:童年期创伤对网络成瘾有一定的增强效应,且这种效应是通过降低共情能力和降低感恩水平来形成的。共情能力可增强经历过童年期创伤的大学生的网络成瘾倾向。

Objective:To explore the effect of childhood trauma on internet addiction as well as the chain mediating effect of empathy and gratitude in college students.Methods:A total of 2572college students were administrated to complete Childhood Trauma Questionnaire,the Chinese Edition Interpersonal Reactivity Index Scale,Gratitude Questionnaire,and Adolescents Pathological Internet Use Scale.Results:①Childhood trauma was positively correlated with internet addiction(r=0.41;P<0.01),and negatively correlated with empathy,cognitive empathy and gratitude(r=-0.06,-0.07,-0.31;P<0.01);Internet addiction was positively correlated with empathy and affective empathy(r=0.10,0.19;P<0.01),and negatively correlated with gratitude(r=-0.22;P<0.01);Empathy and gratitude were positively correlated(r=0.35;P<0.01).②Childhood trauma affected internet addiction not only directly,but also indirectly through three paths,that was:The mediator of empathy(bootstrap95%confidence interval lower:-0.012,upper:-0.004);the mediator of gratitude(bootstrap95%confidence interval lower:0.046,upper:0.055),and the chain mediating role of both empathy and gratitude(bootstrap95%confidence interval lower:0.001,upper:0.004).Conclusion:Childhood trauma has a certain increasing effect on internet addiction of college students,which is formed through decreased empathy and gratitude.Empathy can increase internet addiction of college students,who have a traumatic childhood.it is an alarm that we need to pay more attention on negative role of positive mental process in certain conditions.