财政纵向失衡、税收努力与地方经济增长

Vertical Fiscal Imbalance,Tax Efforts and Local Economic Growth

构建权责清晰、财力协调与区域均衡的央地政府间财政关系,不仅有助于规范地方政府行为,而且能够实现地方经济长期稳定增长。立足1998—2017年我国30个省级面板数据,考察财政纵向失衡与税收努力对地方经济增长的作用机制与影响效应。研究结果显示:财政纵向失衡水平的提升不利于地方经济的持续增长,但财政纵向失衡能够通过抑制地方政府税收努力程度间接促进经济增长。此外,当前地方政府税收努力的提升对地方经济增长同样表现为抑制效应。因此,要合理把控财政纵向失衡水平,利用适度失衡规范地方政府行为,为经济长期稳定增长奠定制度基础;稳定地方政府收入预期,防止过高税收努力抑制微观经济主体生产积极性;注重地区间发展差异,避免一味追求产业结构高级化与对外开放程度深化造成的发展模式雷同与资源浪费。

The establishment of a fiscal relationship between the central government and the local governments with clear powers and responsibilities,financial coordination and regional balance is not only conducive to the regulation of the behavior of local governments,but also contributes to achieving long-term stable growth of the local economy.Based on the panel date of 30 provinces of China from 1998 to 2017,this paper investigates the mechanism and effect of vertical fiscal imbalance and tax efforts on local economic growth.The results show that the increase of VFI is harmful to the sustained growth of local economy,but VFI can indirectly promote economic growth through inhibiting local government's tax efforts.In addition,the promotion of the current tax efforts of local governments also shows an inhibitory effect on local economic growth.Therefore,it is necessary for the government to reasonably control the level of VFI,use appropriate imbalance to regulate local governments'behavior,and lay the institutional foundation for the long-term stable economic growth.The government should stabilize the local governments'revenue expectation,prevent the excessive tax efforts from inhibiting the production enthusiasm of the micro economic agents,pay attention to the differences in inter-regional development,and strive to avoid the development pattern similarity and resource waste caused by blindly pursuing the upgrading of industrial structure and deepening the degree of opening to the outside world.