城市数字技术、创新异质性与“隐形冠军”企业出口产品技术复杂度

Urban Digital Technology,Innovation Heterogeneity and Export Product Technical Complexity of“Hidden Champion”Enterprises

在阐明城市数字技术和不同创新类型对“隐形冠军”企业出口产品技术复杂度的影响机制的基础上,利用2011—2016年“隐形冠军”企业专利数据与海关进出口匹配数据,实证分析了不同的创新类型对“隐形冠军”企业出口产品技术复杂度的差异化影响,并基于产品创新视角探讨了城市数字技术对“隐形冠军”企业出口产品技术复杂度的影响。实证结果表明:城市数字技术和产品创新对“隐形冠军”企业出口产品技术复杂度都有显著的直接提升效应,但效果因企业异质性存在显著差异;城市数字技术通过产品创新这一中介渠道显著提升“隐形冠军”企业出口产品技术复杂度;转型初期,产品创新会对“隐形冠军”企业数字化投入产生“挤出效应”,从而减弱城市数字技术对“隐形冠军”企业出口产品技术复杂度的正向促进作用。

On the basis of clarifying the mechanism of urban digital technology and different innovation types affecting the technical complexity of export products of the hidden champion enterprises,this paper makes use of the patent data of the hidden champion enterprises and the import and export matching data of the customs from 2011 to 2016 to conduct an empirical analysis of the different impacts of different types of innovation on the technical complexity of the hidden champion enterprises'export products.From the perspective of product innovation,it also explores the impact of urban digital technology on the technical complexity of the hidden champion enterprises'export products.The results show that both the urban digital technology and the product innovation have direct significant improving effects on the technical complexity of the hidden champion enterprises'export products,however,the effects have significant differences due to the corporate heterogeneity.At the initial stage of the transformation,product innovation squeezes the ivestment in digital transformation of enterprises,which slows down the positive promoting effect of urban digital technology on the technical complexity of the hidden champion enterprises'export products.The urban digital technology can significantly improve the technical complexity of the export products of hidden champion enterprises through the intermediary channel of product innovation,