江苏省如皋市高血压的控制情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of control situation and influencing factors of hypertension in Rugao city,Jiangsu province

目的分析江苏省如皋市高血压的知晓、治疗、控制现状及影响因素,为制定高血压防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用横断面多阶段随机抽样调查方法,分析江苏省如皋市18岁及以上的常住居民不同人口学特征人群高血压知晓、治疗、控制情况。结果14037例调查对象中,高血压患者4957人,患病率为35.31%。高血压知晓率为59.51%(2950/4957);治疗率为55.82%(2767/4957),控制率37.62%(1047/2767);不同年龄、文化程度、劳动强度、每月人均收入(元)、体育锻炼状况、高血压家族史高血压患者知晓率、治疗率比较,差异有统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄、职业采取血压控制措施患者、BMI≥24 kg/m^(2)、合并糖尿病、血脂异常、冠心病高血压患者血压控制率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥45岁、文化程度为高中及以上、参加体育锻炼的高血压患者高血压控制达标率较高,而合并超重/肥胖、糖尿病、血脂异常的高血压患者高血压控制达标率较低,血压较难以控制。结论如皋市居民的高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率均高于全国平均水平。应加强对肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、合并糖尿病/血脂异常者人群的重点教育,以提高高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率。

Objective To analyze the status quo of awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in Rugao city,Jiangsu province,and their influencing factors in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating countermeasures for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods Using cross-sectional multi-stage random sampling survey method,awareness,treatment and control of hypertension among permanent residents aged 18 and above with different demographic characteristics in Rugao city,Jiangsu province was analyzed. Results Among the 14037 survey subjects,4957 were hypertensive patients. The prevalence rate was 35. 31%. The awareness rate of hypertension was 59. 51%( 2950/4957).The treatment rate was 55. 82%( 2767/4957).The control rate was 37. 62%( 1047/2767).There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate and the treatment rate among patients with different ages,education levels,labor intensity,monthly income( yuan),physical exercise status,family history of hypertension,and treatment rates of hypertension patients( P<0. 05).There was a significant difference in control rate between the patients with blood pressure control measures at different ages and occupations and the patients with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m^(2),diabetes,dyslipidemia or coronary heart disease hypertension( P<0. 05).Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertensive patients who were 45 years old,had a high school education level or above,and participated in physical exercises had a higher rate of hypertension control.However,hypertension patients with overweight/obesity,diabetes,and dyslipidemia had a lower rate of achieving hypertension control,and their blood pressure was more difficult to control. Conclusion Rugao residents’ awareness of hypertension,treatment rates and control rates were higher than the national average.Key education should be strengthened for people with obesity,smoking,drinking,and diabetes/dyslipidemia in order to improve the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension.