基于Malmquist-Luenberger指数的中国蔬菜绿色全要素生产率研究

Research on Green Total Factor Productivity of Chinese Vegetables Based on Malmquist-Luenberger Index

确保国内居民随时随地能够获取到绿色安全营养的蔬菜是中国农业高质量发展的一个重要衡量指标。在资源环境日益成为经济增长硬约束背景下,相较于传统全要素生产率指标,采用绿色全要素生产率来测度评价一个经济体的增长质量更为科学。因此,基于2011—2018年中国27个省份不同品种蔬菜的成本收益数据,本文将化肥等污染物排放量作为非期望产出,运用Malmquist-Luenberger指数对中国蔬菜绿色全要素生产率进行测算。结果发现:2012—2018年,中国蔬菜绿色全要素生产率年均增长率为1.56%,其中技术效率指数、技术进步指数年均增长率分别为-0.42%和1.99%;菜椒绿色全要素生产率指数增长速度最快(2.93%),豆角最慢(0.49%);宁夏菜椒和西红柿的绿色全要素生产率增速最快,福建萝卜和茄子的绿色全要素生产率增速最快,河南大白菜、江西豆角、山东黄瓜、辽宁马铃薯以及贵州圆白菜绿色全要素生产率增速最快。

Ensuring that domestic residents can get green,safe and nutritious vegetables anytime and anywhere is an important indicator of the high-quality development of agriculture in China.As the resource environment has increasingly become a hard constraint on economic growth,it is more scientific to use the green total factor productivity to evaluate the economic growth quality than the traditional total factor productivity index.Therefore,based on the cost-benefit data of different varieties of vegetables in China’s 27 provinces from 2011 to 2018,the paper took the emissions of pollutants such as fertilizers as undesired output,and used the Malmquist-Luenberger Index to measure the green total factor productivity of vegetables.It is found that the average annual growth rate of green total factor productivity of vegetables was 1.56% from 2012 to 2018,of which the technology efficiency index was -0.42% and the technology progress index was 1.99%.Among them,the green total factor productivity index of pepper grew the fastest(2.93%),and that of beans grew the slowest(0.49%);the green total factor productivity index of Ningxia pepper and tomato grew the fastest,and that of Fujian radish and eggplant grew fastest.Henan Chinese cabbage,Jiangxi beans,Shandong cucumber,Liaoning potato and Guizhou cabbage had the fastest green total factor productivity growth.