少儿游泳运动员竞赛犯规现象及影响因素研究

Study on the phenomenon and influencing factors of competition Fouls of young swimmers

采用文献资料法、访谈法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,对参加陕西省青少年游泳锦标赛的少儿运动员犯规现象进行调查研究,得出以下结论:1.少儿运动M参赛技术犯规多发于蛙泳和仰泳项目。2.蝶泳、蛙泳和自由泳项目多为途中游技术犯规,仰泳项目犯规则多出现在转身阶段;不同技术阶段中,途中游和转身阶段犯规数量多于出发和终点触壁阶段。3.少儿运动员参赛技术犯规现象同年龄和性别呈现规律相关,即低年龄组和男子项目选手参赛犯规多于高年龄组和同龄女运动员。4.部分教练员业务能力不强,缺乏对规则的系统学习,也是运动员犯规的重要影响因素。研究分析少儿游泳竞赛中存在的问题与不足,为陕西省竞技游泳发展提供一定理论依据,也为运动员教练员提供一定参考。

Using the research methods of literature,interview,mathematical statistics and logical analysis,this paper investigates the Fouls of children's athletes participating in the youth Swimming Championships in Shanxi Province,and draws the following conclusions:1.The technical fouls of children's athletes mostly occur in breaststroke and backstroke events.2.The butterfly,breaststroke and freestyle events are mostly technical fouls in en route swimming,and the rules in backstroke events mostly appear in the turning stage;In different technical stages,the number of fouls in en route swimming and turning stage is more than that in starting and ending wall touching stage.3.The phenomenon of technical fouls of children's athletes is related to age and gender,that is,the Fouls of low-age group and men athletes are more than those of high-age group and women athletes of the same age.4.Some coaches'weak professional ability and lack of systematic learning of rules are also important factors affecting athletes'fouls.This paper studies and analyzes the problems and deficiencies existing in children's swimming competition,so as to provide a certain theoretical basis for the development of competitive swimming in Shanxi Province,and also provide a certain reference for athletes and coaches.