黄河源区高寒草地植物营养成分含量特征及营养价值评价

Characteristics of Nutrient Contents and Evaluation of Nutritional Value of the Alpine Grassland Plants in the Source Area of the Yellow River

为了探究黄河源区高寒草地的植物营养成分含量特征,并对植物的营养价值进行科学评价,以5个不同高寒草地为研究对象,测定了植物粗蛋白(Crude protein,CP)、粗脂肪(Ether extract,EE)、粗纤维(Crude fiber,CF)、粗灰分(Coarse ash,CA)、全磷(Total phosphorus,TP)等营养成分含量,并运用主成分分析方法进行了量化综合评价。结果表明:各草地植物的CP含量为12.78%~15.35%,EE含量为2.63%~3.38%,CF含量为17.56%~25.16%,CA含量为5.52%~11.53%,TP含量为0.11%~0.27%;各草地植物营养价值大小排序为:退化高寒草甸>原生高寒草甸>沼泽草甸>退化高寒草原>原生高寒草原;各草地植物单位面积营养成分量大小排序为:沼泽草甸>原生高寒草甸>原生高寒草原>退化高寒草原>退化高寒草甸;不同功能群植物营养价值大小排序为:豆科(Leguminosae)>杂类草(Forbs)>莎草科(Cyperaceae)>禾本科(Gramineae)。

In order to explore the characteristics of nutrient contents and scientifically evaluate the nutritional value of the alpine grassland plants in the source area of the Yellow River,the plants of the five different alpine grasslands were selected as the research objects,and the content of crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),crude fiber(CF),crude ash(CA),total phosphorus(TP)of the plants were determined.At the same time,the principal component analysis method was used for quantitative comprehensive evaluation of the plants nutritional value.The results showed that the CP content of the plants in all alpine grasslands was between 12.78%~15.35%,the EE content was between 2.63%~3.38%,the CF content was between 17.56%~25.16%,the CA content was between 5.52%~11.53%and the TP content was between 0.11%~0.27%.The order of nutrient value of plants in different alpine grassland from high to low was:degraded alpine meadow>native alpine meadow>swamp meadow>degraded alpine steppe>native alpine steppe;The order of yield per unit area of the total nutrients of plants in different alpine grasslands from high to low was:swamp meadow>native alpine meadow>native alpine steppe>degraded alpine steppe>degraded alpine meadow;The order of nutrient value of different plant species from high to low was:Leguminosae>Forbs>Cyperaceae>Gramineae.