历史规律的辩证性质——马克思文本的呈现方式

The Dialectical Nature of Historical Laws:The Presentation of Marx’s Text

从《德意志意识形态》开始,马克思恩格斯就把对人类历史发展一般规律与具体社会形态发展特殊规律的辩证统一性的探讨视为唯物史观的应有之义。在《资本论》中,这种理论特点通过资本主义批判的科学方法论而清晰地展现出来。马克思恩格斯凭借这样的辩证解读视角在历史观解读上超越同时代其他思想家。对这一点的强调不仅有利于我们对当代国外学界从一般规律与特殊规律的二元论框架来解读唯物史观的理论努力进行有效的剥离,从而使我们对唯物史观的深层内涵作出更为清晰的把握,而且还能使我们在历史观和方法论层面上更好地理解中国特色社会主义的伟大实践对唯物史观的继承与发展。

Starting from the German Ideology,Marx and Engels considered the dialectical unity of the general laws of human historical development and the specific laws of the development of specific social forms as an integral part of historical materialism.In Capital,this theoretical feature is clearly demonstrated through the scientific methodology of critique of capitalism.Through this dialectical perspective,Marx and Engels surpassed other thinkers of their time in the interpretation of history.Emphasis on this point will not only help us to effectively divest ourselves of the theoretical efforts of contemporary foreign scholars to interpret historical materialism within the dualistic framework of general and specific laws,thus enabling us to grasp clearly the deeper connotations of historical materialism,and also help us to better understand the inheritance and development of historical materialism by the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics at the level of historical view and methodology.