助听器使用对社区居家老年听力障碍患者认知功能影响的研究进展

Advances in the Use of Hearing Aids Improving Hearing Impairment in Older People with Community-based Home Care

随着老年性听力障碍的发病率逐年增高,减轻或避免老年性听力障碍给社区居家老年人生活质量、认知能力及社会行为等带来的不利影响具有重要意义。助听器的使用在有效提升社区居家老年听力障碍患者听力水平和社交能力的同时,亦被发现能够提高其认知、记忆及语言感知能力,但目前助听器使用对社区居家老年听力障碍患者认知功能产生的影响尚未得到系统阐述且相关领域研究仍处于起步阶段。本文通过查阅国内外相关文献,从听力障碍与助听器概述、社区居家老年听力障碍患者助听器使用现状及存在的问题、社区居家老年听力障碍患者的认知特点及助听器使用对社区居家老年听力障碍患者认知功能的影响4个方面进行综述,并从设备研发、政策制度、临床研究及配套服务方面提出针对性建议,旨在为推动助听器在社区居家老年听力障碍患者中的深度运用提供依据。

The prevalence of hearing impairment in older people with community-based home care is increasing,which has a negative impact on their quality of life,cognitive function and social behaviors,so it is of great significance to take measures to prevent and reduce such negative impacts.It has been found that the use of hearing aids effectively improves hearing level and sociability,as well as cognition,memory and perception of language in older people with community-based home care.However,relevant research is still in its infancy and there is no systematic review about it.We reviewed the latest studies on the use of hearing aids in older people with communitybased home care,encompassing the overview of hearing impairment and hearing aids,current status and existing problems regarding the use of hearing aids in older people with community-based home care,and cognitive features of this group,as well as impact of using hearing aids on their cognitive function,then put forward recommendations facilitating the extensive use of hearing aids in this group,including hearing aids research and making,development of supportive policies to promote the development of hearing aid industry,the fostering of hearing care professionals,and the enhancement of high-risk individuals'knowledge,attitude and use regarding hearing aids,clinical study of the effect of hearing aids,and hearing aid related services.