从风景画角度浅析俄罗斯艺术中精神

On the Spirit of Russian Art from the Perspective of Landscape Painting

十九世纪,俄罗斯画家们把注意力从神秘木讷的圣像画和呆板的古典学院派的藩篱中解放出来后,开始将眼光重新放回人间,关注起人的感情,并力图真实地表现人所生活的客观世界和现实境遇。同时俄罗斯又拥有着世界上最广袤的疆土和丰富的自然资源,生存的地域环境对俄罗斯民族精神的形成起着关键性的作用,这种民族精神深深地根植在描绘这片广袤大地的风景画艺术创作中。列维坦就曾说过这样的话,“只有在俄罗斯才能成为真正的风景画家”。所以本文试图从同处于这一时期的三位俄罗斯艺术家萨符拉索夫、希什金和列维坦的风景画作品入手,探寻了解俄罗斯艺术的独特精神。

In the 19th century,Russian painters freed their attention from the barriers of mysterious and wooden icon paintings and rigid classical academic schools,and then began to put their eyes back on the world,paying attention to people’s feelings,and trying to truly express the objective world and realistic situation in which people live.In addition,Russia has the largest territory and abundant natural resources in the world,and the living regional environment plays a key role in the formation of Russian national spirit,which is deeply rooted in the artistic creation of landscape paintings depicting this vast land.Levitan once said,“Only in Russia can you become a real landscape painter”.Therefore,this paper attempts to explore the unique spirit of Russian art from the landscape paintings of three Russian artists Kondratyevich Savrasov,Shishkin and Levitan who are in the same period.