基于降本增效的农村快递物流最后一公里配送研究

Research on Last Kilometer Distribution of Rural Express Logistics Based on Cost Reduction and Efficiency Improvement

考虑到农村快递物流"低分布密度+长运输线"[1]的实际情况,通过共同配送和众包配送并结合车辆路径优化来解决农村物流最后一公里配送问题。根据最后一公里的配送特征,构建满足车辆容量最大化、配送成本最小化的模型,并在模型中加入配送人员工作时间这一约束条件,然后运用自适应遗传算法对模型进行求解,将设计的算法和构建的模型实际应用在农村快递物流最后一公里车辆路径优化上,确定最佳配送路径,提高效率,节约成本,为相关配送网点提供参考。

Considering the actual situation of“low distribution density+long transportation line”in rural express logistics, to solve the last kilometer distribution problem of rural express logistics through co-distribution and crowd-sourcing distribution combined with vehicle routing optimization. Based on the distribution characteristics of the last kilometer, building a model to maximize vehicle capacity and minimize distribution cost, and adding a constraint condition of working time of distribution personnel into the model, then using adaptive genetic algorithm to solve the model. Both the design and the model are applied to the vehicle path optimization of the last kilometer of rural express logistics to determine the optimal distribution path which will improve transportation efficiency and save cost, and then provide reference for related distribution network.