黄芪和板蓝根对湖寒杂交F1代育肥羊生产性能和免疫指标的影响

Effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Radix isatidis on performance and immune indexes of Huhan hybrid F1 sheep

为深入探讨黄芪和板蓝根对湖寒杂交F1代育肥羊的生长发育性能、屠宰管理性能、血液机体免疫功能和机体抗氧化功能的影响,将60只体重相近[(17.42±2.02)kg]的小尾寒羊和湖羊的杂交F1代公羊,随机分为4组,每组15只,分别为空白组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组。空白组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.3%黄芪、0.3%板蓝根和0.3%黄芪板蓝根的混合添加剂。试验结果显示:试验组较空白组相比,育肥羊的初始体重、末重和平均日增重均差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组料重比较空白组分别降低12.6%、14.5%(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组总增重较空白组提高21.7%(P<0.05);试验组与空白组相比,育肥羊的宰前活重、胴体重和屠宰率等指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05),试验Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组的脾脏质量均高于空白组;试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组IgA较空白组分别提高27.6%、65.2%、29.9%(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组IgA较试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅲ组分别提高29.4%、27.2%(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组IgG较空白组分别降低33.6%、45.0%、46.1%,差异性显著(P<0.05),试验I组和试验II组IgM显著高于空白组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组IgM高于空白组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)较空白组分别提高39.5%、38.4%、31.4%(P<0.05),谷胱甘肽(GSH)较空白组分别提高30.8%、40.8%、47.1%(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)较空白组分别提高73.8%、69.0%、75.0%(P<0.05),而试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)较空白组分别降低22.7%、28.0%、24.1%(P<0.05)。说明在育肥羊基础日粮中添加0.3%的黄芪和0.3%的板蓝根均能提高育肥羊生产性能、屠宰率,改善机体的免疫功能和抗氧化性能。

To investigate the effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Radix isatidis on growth performance,slaughter performance,blood immune indexes and antioxidant indexes of Hunan hybrid F1 fattening sheep.Sixty crossbred F1 RAMS of small-tailed Han sheep and Hu sheep with similar body weight of(17.42±2.02)kg were randomly divided into four groups with 15 lambs in each group,which were blank group and experimental groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢ.Blank group was fed a basal diet,and experimental groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.3%Astragalus membranaceus,0.3%Radix isatidis and 0.3%mixed additives of Astragalus membranaceus and Radix isatidis,respectively.The results showed that the initial body weight,final body weight and average daily gain of all groups had no significant effects(P>0.05);The ratio of feed to gain of test groupsⅡandⅢwas 12.6%and 14.5%lower than that of blank group(P<0.05),respectively.The total weight gain of test groupⅢwas 21.7%higher than that of blank group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Experimental group compared with the blank group,fattening sheep before the slaughter of live weight,body weight and slaughter rate and other indicators were no significant differences(P>0.05),the quality of spleen in groupsⅠ,Ⅲwere higher than that of blank group.Compared with the blank group,IgA of test groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲwas increased by 27.6%,65.2%and 29.9%respectively(P<0.05),IgA of test groupⅡwas increased by 29.4%and 27.2%respectively compared with the groupsⅠandⅢ(P<0.05),IgG of test groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲwas reduced by 33.6%,45.0%and 46.1%respectively compared with the blank group(P<0.05),IgM of test groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly higher than that of blank group(P<0.05),the IgM of test groupⅢwas higher than that of the blank group,but had no significant difference(P>0.05);Compared with blank group,the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in test groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas increased by 39.5%,38.4%and 31.4%(P<0.05),glutathione(GSH)was increased by 30.8%,40.8%and 47.1%(P<0.05),malondialdehyde(MDA)was increased by 73.8%,69.0%and 72.0%(P<0.05),and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in test groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas decreased by 22.7%,28.0%and 24.1%(P<0.05),respectively.It was concluded that adding 0.3%Astragalus membranaceus and 0.3%Radix isatidis in the basal diet of fattening sheep could improve the fattening performance,slaughter rate,immune function and antioxidant activity of the body.