燃气企业“十三五”对标分析:以经营和财务为中心

Benchmarking analysis on gas enterprises during the 13th Five-Year Plan from business and finance standpoints

“十三五”期间,国内各燃气企业为天然气产业的发展做出了积极贡献。为了系统总结“十三五”时期国内燃气企业发展的成果、经验和存在的问题,通过对行业领先的燃气企业进行对标分析,从经营和财务两个方面对关键指标进行研究和总结,提出了燃气企业“十四五”时期在低碳发展和转型发展等方面的对策建议。研究结果表明:①从经营情况来看,“十三五”时期对标企业各项经营指标稳健增长,但在不同的发展战略和市场定位驱动下,形成了全国型和区域型、终端型和产业链型、燃气供应型和融合发展型等发展特征,由此导致了经营业绩和发展规模的差异化;②从财务情况来看,“十三五”时期对标企业营业收入主要来自于天然气销售、营收增长和利润率,均保持在10%左右,平均利润率相对较低的行业导致了规模扩张的对标企业出现较高的资产负债率,而财务指标良好的企业在低碳发展方面将有比较大的优势;③“十四五”时期,为实现低碳发展和结构转型,从经营角度来说,燃气企业需要以“规模”和“转型”为关键词,加强和改善主营业务以做大做强规模,推进绿色产业和能源新业态融合发展;从财务角度来说,燃气企业应以“资金”和“金融”为关键词,从财务管理向资本运营转变,拓展资本和金融业务,通过产业资本和绿色金融驱动企业低碳发展。

During the 13th Five-Year Plan,China's gas enterprises made positive contribution to natural-gas industrial development.To systematically summarize their development achievements,experience,and problems during that time,a benchmarking analysis on the leading enterprises was carried out,and the key indicators were summarized from the aspects of business and finance.And some countermeasures against low-carbon and transformation development during the 14th Five-Year Plan were made for gas enterprises.Results show that(1)during the 13th Five-Year Plan,from the point of business situation,the business indicators of benchmarking enterprises grew stably,but which was driven by different development strategies and market positioning,the development characteristics of national type and regional type,terminal type and industrial-chain type,gas-supply type,and integrated type were also formed,leading to various business performance and development scale;(2)also during that time,from finance standpoint,the business income of benchmarking enterprises was mainly contributed by gas sales,and revenue growth and profit rate maintained at about 10%.Lower industrial average profit rate might result in higher asset/liability ratio in the benchmarking enterprises with expanding scale,while the enterprises with better financial indicators were more advantageous in low-carbon development;(3)during the 14th Five-Year Plan,to realize low-carbon development and structural transformation,from the point of business,gas enterprises shall focus on"scale"and"transformation"to strengthen the main business scale and promote the integrated development of both green industry and new energy format;and(4)also during this time,from the point of finance,gas enterprises shall focus on"capital"and"finance"to transform from financial management to capital operation,expand capital and financial business,and drive low-carbon development by means of industrial capital and green finance.