黄河流域生态保护补偿机制建设的立法建议

Suggestions on Legislation of Compensation Mechanism Construction of Watershed Ecological Protection of the Yellow River Basin

为了加强黄河流域生态保护,应尽快建立和完善流域生态保护补偿机制。基于对当前黄河流域生态保护补偿有关的法律、国家层面和地方政府层面行政法规的系统梳理,以及对黄河流域生态保护补偿实践、现状及存在问题的分析,提出黄河流域生态保护补偿机制建设的立法建议:通过立法建立上下游、省(区)间、多元化、多样化、市场化的生态保护补偿机制,建立基于水量水质同步考核和生态产品价值核算计量的生态保护补偿机制,设立黄河流域生态保护补偿基金并制定严格的管理、使用、监督、评价制度,建立并逐步实行自然资源有偿使用制度、自然资源资产特许经营权制度,建立生态保护补偿绩效评估制度,建立生态保护效果与补偿资金分配相关联的激励机制,建立生态保护补偿公众参与和监督机制等。

Aiming to strengthen the ecological protectionof the Yellow River Basin,the legislative proposal for establishing the ecological compensation and protection mechanism in the Yellow River Basin should be established as soon as possible.The current laws related to ecological protection and compensation for the Yellow River Basin,the administrative regulations at the national and local government levels were systematically reviewed.What’s more,the practice,current situation and existing problems for ecological protection and compensation were analyzed.Based on the above analysis,the suggestions on legislation of establishing a compensation mechanism for ecological protection in the Yellow River Basin was proposed.The following major goals should be achieved through legislation.A pluralistic,diversified and market-oriented ecological protection compensation mechanism should be established with an ecological protection compensation mechanism based on the simultaneous assessment of water quantity/quality and calculation of ecological product value.The compensation fund for ecological protection in the Yellow River Basin should be established equipped with strict management,use,supervision and evaluation systems.A system for paid use of natural resources and natural resource asset franchise rights should be established and gradually implemented.It also proposed to establish an ecological protection compensation performance evaluation system and equipping with incentives related to the distribution of ecological protection effects and compensation funds.Finally,the establishment of public participation and supervision mechanisms for ecological protection and compensation should also be proposed.