阿氏芽孢杆菌MB35-5解硅能力及田间应用效果研究

Quantitative analysis of the ability of Bacillus aryabhattai MB35-5 to dissolve silicon using incubation and field expriments

为明确阿氏芽孢杆菌MB35-5对硅酸盐矿物的解硅能力和田间应用对甜菜生长的影响,通过室内MB35-5菌降解硅酸镁的培养试验和田间甜菜应用试验相结合的方法,研究阿氏芽孢杆菌MB35-5对硅酸盐矿物的解硅能力及对甜菜生长的影响。室内试验表明,与硅酸镁+水处理相比,含MB35-5水剂和MB35-5粉剂处理培养液中的水溶性硅浓度分别提高6.47和10.91 mg/kg,增长率分别为149.1%和251.4%。田间试验表明,与常规用肥处理相比,施用MB35-5水剂15.0和37.5 L/hm^(2)处理的土壤有效硅含量分别增加27.07和29.93 mg/kg,增长率分别为24.58%和27.18%;甜菜叶片厚度均增加,以第10 d最为显著,叶片增厚0.04 mm;甜菜株高分别增高3.70和2.41 cm,增长率分别为6.70%和4.26%;甜菜叶片中SPAD值分别增加2.55和1.83,增长率分别为6.15%和4.37%;甜菜产量分别增加7540.5和14359.5 kg/hm^(2),增产率分别为12.38%和23.57%。阿氏芽孢杆菌MB35-5对含硅矿物具有较强的溶硅解硅作用。在常规用肥基础上施用阿氏芽孢杆菌MB35-5会显著提高甜菜产量;在甜菜的叶片厚度、株高和叶片SPAD值指标上均有显著提升。

In order to clarify the desilication ability of Bacillus aryabhattai MB35-5 on the silicate mineral and field application effect on sugar beet growth,the indoor MB35-5 strains incubation experiment on degradation magnesium silicate combined with field application on sugar beet growth were carried out.Based on the indoor test,the concentrations of watersoluble silicon of MB35-5 strains liquid and MB35-5 strains powder incubation treatments increased by 6.47 and 10.91 mg/kg with growth rate of 149.1%and 251.4%,respectively,compared with magnesium silicate+water treatment.Based on the field test,from the treatment with MB35-5 strains liquid 15.0 and 37.5 L/hm^(2),the soil available silicon content increased by 27.07 and 29.93 mg/kg with the increase rates of 24.58%and 27.18%,respectively,compared with conventional fertilizer treatment;the thickness of sugar beet leaves increased and the obvious increase happened on the 10th day by 0.04 mm;the sugar beet plant height increased by 3.70 and 2.41 cm with the increase rates of 6.70%and 4.26%;the SPAD value in sugar beet leaves was 2.55 and 1.83 higher with the increase rates of 6.15%and 4.37%,respectively;the yield of sugar beet increased by 7540.5 and 14359.5 kg/hm^(2) respectively with the increase rate of 12.38%and 23.57%.It could be concluded that Bacillus aryabhattai MB35-5 has strong desilication abilities on silicate minerals.Application of Bacillus aryabhattai MB35-5 on the basis of conventional fertilizer could significantly increase sugar beet yield.Sugar beet leaf thickness,SPAD value indexes and plant height were significantly improved.