骨炭的土壤改良培肥和小萝卜增产提质效应研究

Studies on the effects of bone-biochar on soil quality promotion and radish production improvement

采用田间随机区组试验设计,研究了不施骨炭、150、300、450、600 kg·hm^(-2)骨炭5个处理对土壤养分状况、小萝卜产量及品质的影响。结果表明,土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷含量和土壤pH值均随着骨炭用量的增加而提高,骨炭用量为450和600 kg·hm^(-2)时土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷含量和土壤pH值最高;与不施用骨炭相比,生物炭显著提高了小萝卜生物量和维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量,有效降低了小萝卜肉质根硝酸盐含量;随着骨炭施用量的提高,小萝卜生物量呈先增加后降低趋势,肉质根维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量显著提高,硝酸盐含量显著降低,骨炭用量为300和450 kg·hm^(-2)时,小萝卜产量和养分最高,硝酸盐含量最低。由此可见,施用骨炭是提升耕地质量、增加作物产量、优化蔬菜品质的有效措施,450 kg·hm^(-2)的骨炭用量具有最佳的土壤改良培肥和蔬菜增产提质效果。

A field randomized block experiment was carried out to study the effects of bone-biochar on soil nutrients,radish yield and quality.Five treatments were designed in this experiment:no bone-biochar,150 kg·hm^(-2)bone-biochar,300 kg·hm^(-2)bone-biochar,450 kg·hm^(-2)bone-biochar,600 kg·hm^(-2)bone-biochar.Results showed that soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and soil pH increased with bone-biochar increasement,soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and soil pH were the highest when supplied 450 and 600 kg·hm^(-2)bone-biochar.Compared with no bone-biochar,applied bone-biochar greatly increased radish bromass,vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble protein content and also decreased nitrate content significantly.With the increase of bone-biochar,radish yield firstly increased and then decreased,vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble protein content significantly increased,nitrate content of the fleshy root significantly decreased.Radish yield,nutrient content were the highest and nitrate content was the lowest when supplied 300 and 450 kg·hm^(-2)bone-biochar.Taken together,these results suggested that application of bone-biochar is an effective measure to improve the quality of cultivated land,increase crop yield,and optimize crop quality.450 kg·hm^(-2)bonebiochar worked best in soil improvement and radish increasement.